Gods Attributes Essays - Conceptions Of God, God In Christianity

Gods Attributes According to Christianity, the attributes of God can be organized into two categories: Physical and ethical or moral. Some terms address God's transcendence of physical ideology, others address God's Devine intellect and will. There are a multitude of terms from which to choose when labeling the attributes of God. Therefore, this paper will only deal with the fundamental terms that are put forth by the sacred scriptures. God is, according to the Old and New Testaments: Omnipotent, eternal, Immense, Incomprehensible, and infinite in intellect and will The omnipotent characteristic of God is often referred to in the Bible. God is said to have all the power for the benefit of man . According the John, God said that men could have no power against him . Christians believe that god has the power to free people from the most trying circumstances and single handedly defeat great nations . God can, in the eyes of Christians, do anything. Numerous biblical personalities have said that God is eternal. The Lord is said to be and ever lasting father that will reign forever . God is said to be a king in an everlasting Kingdom . God has always been and always will be. He coexists with time; he does not exist in time. The Omni presence of God is one argument that is difficult to uphold; it is extremely reliant upon people's interpretations of the most elementary Biblical passages. Most Christians will testify that God is always everywhere. There are no shortages of passages that say that God's eyes are here and there, and that his eyes are everywhere . There are also several scriptures that say the Lord's kingdom is in the heavens above and those who believe will be in his presence . However, as far as I can see, there are no passages that say that God is always everywhere . Is the Holy Trinity the Only way to support the Belief in the existence of an infinitely immense God? No. The Trinity is based on the idea that God can manifest himself through various mediums. God's presence may be in burning bushes; it may be in the body of mortal beings such as Jesus of Nazareth. God could, according to the Trinity, be in many places at once, being in many beings . However, we will run into a problem when we use the Holy Trinity to explain the words that God said in Genesis 1:26. This passage proves, not that there is more than one god, but that there are two or more beings that are a part of one God. These beings, according to Genesis 1:26, share a common image. Most Christians who believe in the Holy Trinity believe in an omnipotent abstract God, the Holy Ghost or Spirit, and the Son who is, according to the Trinity, the manly manifestation of the omnipotent God. In the Bible it says that no man may see God and live to tell of it, so how could Jesus' Disciples s pread the good news and speak of Jesus and still manage to live? Furthermore, the Holy Spirit (Ghost) is a gift from God, not God himself. We cannot, with the Holy Trinity or any other ideology, explain the literally omnipresent God. However, if one believes that God spreads his seeds by giving the gift of life, than we can say that, in a sense, God is everywhere, because man is, in a sense, everywhere.

American Oligarchy essays

American Oligarchy essays The American Oligarchy America: The Pretense of Democracy The Aristotelian view of democracy showed democracy as a supreme state of being, promoting equality more than anything. It allowed every person to have as much say in a government as any other person, and yet still allowed individuality to reign. To follow this path of true democracy is to follow the path to a perfect country. Yet America, which prides itself on being a truly democratic nation, is filled with corruption and extortion, nothing like the Utopia Aristotle portrayed. America is in the hands of a select few. A tiny fraction of the population holds any real political power, while the rest simply sit idly by. This goes against the very principle of democracy. Aristotle said of this Any one man [of the many] may be inferior [to a man of excellence], but the city-state is made up of many men. Just as a meal done by many is better than a single and simple one, for this reason a mass (ochlos) can judge many things better than any one man. In addition, that which is many is less likely to be corrupted. So, although an individual's judgment can be corrupted when he is overcome by anger or some other emotion, it is difficult for all to become angry and make erroneous judgments simultaneously. If all the men are good men and good citizens, they are less corruptible than one man. However, seldom is this the case with American politics. There are far fewer politicians then there are low class workers or unemployed, and yet these politicians decide upon most all of the important decisions the country is faced with. The only time the rest of the people are involved is when these politicians spew out money and promises in an attempt to gain the popularity of the public whom they are so far from. Although the majority of the United States is low to middle class, the only people in high political positions are those who spend millions of dollars to get where they are. Equa...

PROHIBITION AND WHY IT WAS REVERSED Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

PROHIBITION AND WHY IT WAS REVERSED - Thesis Example riment essentially banned all works associated with alcohol that include but are not limited to the making, transportation, storage and sale of alcohol. The 18th Amendment was proposed on 18 December, 1917. A temporary Wartime Prohibition Act was passed by the Congress in US on 18 November, 1918 that imposed a partial ban on alcohol by prohibiting the consumption of all such beverages in which the content of alcohol exceeded 2.75 per cent. With due approval from 36 states of US, and the 18th Amendment was approved on 16 January, 1919. Finally on 17 January, 1920, the 18th Amendment was enforced. The move was so meaningful and important that some states in US had enforced the prohibition even before the formal approval of 18th Amendment for the very reason. After the enforcement of Prohibition of the manufacturing, storage and consumption of alcohol all over the US, the amount of liquor consumed by the public saw a drastic decline, though it was not without side effects. The Prohibition stimulated violence and criminal activity underground. In the 1920s, which was essentially the period of Great Depression for many advanced and industrialized countries, Prohibition did not appeal to the public particularly in the bigger cities of US. Prohibition was supposed to lower crime and corruption, reduce social problems, lower taxes needed to support prisons and poorhouses, and improve health and hygiene in America. Instead, Alcohol became more dangerous to consume; organized crime blossomed; courts and prisons systems became overloaded; and endemic corruption of police and public officials occurred. (â€Å"1920s Prohibition†). The benefits derived from the ban were temporary. The 18th Amendment caused an upset in the society and the rate of crime upsurged. The underground production and consumption did not remain limited to alcohol, but the production of all kinds of drugs started with it. The underground channels became well developed, and the smugglers’ and drug

GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES ON INNOVATION AND CREATIVITY Essay - 1

GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES ON INNOVATION AND CREATIVITY - Essay Example The role of PSI was to demarcate the areas that required improvement or modifications. The issues identified by PSI were not specific to CVS; rather, it included the complaints from customers regarding cancellation of orders, and wastage of time at the pick-up spot. Analyzing the situation and its complication, the first question that comes in the mind is what could be the solution, or what steps must be taken in order to make the difference? Since the problems are common with other pharmacy stores, it demands something innovative, and in this regard, one has to answer the question, could disruptive innovation and quality management help in overcoming the difficulties of this company? Companies can innovate three ways. Firstly, New and Improved products should be introduced to target the high-margin customers to whom old products are not satisfying enough. Secondly, to the customers who can’t afford much, cheap alternatives should be launched of the existing expensive products which can fulfil their requirements without being a burden to their pockets, and lastly, new products should be introduced in order to create new markets and bring fresh consumers. (Christensen et al., 2004) Disruptive innovation refers to mode of expanding and establishing new customer base, by adding services or introducing newer products and technology that may disrupt the existing market linkages. In contrast to disruptive innovation there is sustainable innovation that does not affect the existing market linkages; rather it aims at adding value to the products or services. However, defeating incumbents with sustainable innovation is very hard. The problems with CVS are common in almost all the companies that deal in pharmaceuticals. Furthermore, the margin for innovation remains very narrow, because the stakes are too high, and the safety of the customer is top priority. The problems

Essay on the Russian Revolution Essay Example for Free

Essay on the Russian Revolution Essay The Russo-Japanese War lasted from 1904 to 1905, and arose from both Japan and Russia’s desire for expansion and dominance in Korea and Manchuria. Russia suffered many great defeats in this war, against a nation that was considered inferior and was not one of the Great Powers. This humiliated the people of Russia, and caused them to lose confidence in Tsar Nicholas II, as well as causing great military, economic, and political problems for Russia. When the Russo-Japanese War erupted in 1904, Russia was not fully prepared to involve itself in a war. The Trans-Siberian Railway was not completed and would not be until 1905, so Russias army was not fully mobile. Russia’s inability efficiently mobilize caused them to lose battles to the Japanese and to eventually lose the war itself. The Russians were optimistic; as they were sure their vast superiority of numbers would easily defeat the tiny Japan, but this was not to be. Japan, with their advanced technology destroyed the Russian Army, armed with their primitive weapons as compared to the Asians. Huge military defeats were caused by the Russo-Japanese War, which highlighted the weakness of the military and caused national humiliation. Russia, all along had prided themselves on military excellence. An example of such a defeat was in January 1905 when the army had to surrender their Port Arthur naval base in Northern China, which they had possessed before the start of the war. Another example of a great failure of the military was at the Battle of Tsushima in May 1905. The Russian Baltic fleet consisting of the 35 warships had sailed from northern Europe to the Far East, only to lose 25 warships in a defeat by the Japanese navy. The crushing of Russian’s military added impetus to the 1905 Revolution, as it made the people of Russia aware of the weakness of their military and ashamed to be Russian. They were losing to a nation very few had heard of and it was humiliating,  this caused the opposition to autocratic rule by the Tsar Nicholas II. The Russo-Japanese War brought about economic problems for Russia, and this therefore meant there was a significant lack of money to solve any other problems present Russia. The war, as all wars do, cost an extreme amount of money. As it resulted in failure no money could be gained from the invaded territories. Russia had already had economic problems, and its economy was still far behind that of other Great Powers. Russia needed more money to invest in the economy to enlarge it, to make it more comparable to other Great Powers. The backwardness of Russia compared to these other Great Powers was another source of national humiliation for the people of Russia. Furthermore, the lack of money meant that the government could do nothing about the living and working conditions in towns and cities, or the problems in the rural areas of Russia. Consequently, the economic problems brought about a dent in national pride and Russia’s being unable to solve any of its other problems due to financial constraints. Both the peasants and the landowners were suffering. People were starving Agriculture was very behind that of other countries, as under the Witte system nothing had been done to improve it. Therefore the land was not cultivated properly, and famines occurred quite regularly such as the one in 1902 as well as the one in 1905, even with all this the peasants were still required to provide food for the Russian Army at war. There were also political implications of the Russo-Japanese War. The war was fought in the very far eastern reaches of the country, far away from where the majority of the population lived, and hence they must have felt removed from it, especially as news was still slow to travel. There was therefore little public enthusiasm for the war. Many people felt there was little justification for it: public opinion was not on the side of the war. Moreover, the military was very ill-equipped for the war. This showed to the people of Russia the government’s failings, and caused people to turn away from the Tsar as a leader, and look elsewhere, such as to political groups who were prepared to take radical action to achieve their aims, the people had lost faith in the Tsar. Political groups such as the Bolsheviks and Mensheviks took advantage of the peasant discontent and tried to turn the peasants against the Czar and more towards radicalism and liberalism. On Sunday, 22nd January 1905, more than 200 000 workers, led by a priest of the church by the n ame of Father Gapon, took  part in a peaceful demonstration in St. Petersburg (later known as Petrograd, and then Leningrad). They proceeded to the Winter Palace to present a petition to the Tsar. The petition, written by Gapon, made clear the problems and opinions of the workers and called for improved working conditions, fairer wages, and a reduction in the working day to eight hours and medical benefits. Other demands included an end to the Russo-Japanese War and the introduction of universal suffrage. They also wanted a parliament, or a Duma, to represent their views. The unarmed demonstrators were shot at by the Tsars troops (The Imperial Guard). This is referred to as the â€Å"Bloody Sunday†. There were many outbursts after that. Troops mutinied, peasants rose up and there were strikes and riots emerged. In the October Manifesto which was drafted by Sergei Witte, who became Russias first prime minister, Tsar Nicholas II was forced to : (1) Grant to the population the inviolable right of free citizenship, based on the principles of freedom of person, conscience, speech, assembly, and union. (2 ) Without postponing the intended elections for the State Duma and insofar as possible †¦ to include in the participation of the work of the Duma those classes of the population that have been until now entirely deprived of the right to vote, and to extend in the future, by the newly created legislative way, the principles of the general right of election. (3) To establish as an unbreakable rule that without its confirmation by the State Duma, no law shall go into force and that the persons elected by the people shall have the opportunity for actual participation in supervising the legality of the acts of authorities appointed by it† A Duma was elected in 1906, dominated by the middle-class Kadet party, the Duma was supposed to be able to enact legislation that would bind even the Tsar but even this proved too radical in its demands for the Tsar. The Tsar was determined to preserve his autocracy even in the context of reform and he restricted the Dumas authority in many ways. The Tsar issued the Fundamental Laws. It stated in part that Tsars ministers could not be appointed by, and were not responsible to, the Duma, thus denying responsible government at the executive level. Furthermore, the Tsar had the power to dismiss the Duma and announce new elections whenever he wished. He also restricted the franchise to the property-owning classes. The Tsar never allowed the Duma to be anything more than an advisory committee. This idealized vision of the  Romanov monarchy blinded him to the actual state of his country. With a firm belief that his power to rule was granted by Divine Right, Nicholas assumed that the Russian people were devoted to him with unquestioning loyalty. This ironclad belief rendered Nicholas unwilling to allow the progressive reforms that might have alleviated the suffering of the Russian people. Tsar Nicholas II tried to deal with the pressures for change by increasing police powers; there was brutal suppression of dissent and the civil rights granted in 1905 gradually restricted. Witte resigned and was replaced in July by Stolypin, who combined ruthlessness in dealing with unrest with a thoughtful programme of agrarian reform which tried to remove the legacy of debt and land hunger and create a class of peasant farmers loyal to the regi me. Stolypin had fallen out with the Tsar even before he was assassinated in 1911, and after this Nicholass ministers were of limited ability. Even before the start of the First World War unrest was breaking out again, but the onset of war, and the rapidity and magnitude of Russian defeats, greatly weakened the political and economic structure of the country. Alexis, Tsar Nicholas IIs son suffered from haemophilia, where his blood was unable to clot after bleeding due to a lack of platelets in the blood. Rasputin claimed to be a holy monk from the remote wastelands of Siberia, and was able to use his supernatural healing powers to heal Alexis. Granted, Rasputin could ease some of Alexis pain, but most of what he did seemed a scam .The Tsarina (the Tsars wife) doted on her son and thus naturally treated the monk better, since Grigori Rasputin did what doctors couldn’t do, which was to help her son with his sickness and to help stop his pain. In 1911 Stolypin ordered Rasputin out of St. Petersburg, and the order was obeyed. Stolypins minister of religion, Lukyanov, on the reports of the police, ordered an investigation that produced abundant evidence of Rasputins scandalous deeds. From this time on, the Tsarina detested Prime Minister Stolypin. After Stolypin was assassinated, the Tsarina brought Rasputin back to St. Petersburg. Rasputin abused his authority and replaced many ministers with his own family and friends, regardless of whether the previous ministers were good. Some of his decision in the countrys administration were also foolish and led to many problems. This naturally led to people disliking Rasputin severely and thus blaming the Tsar for his trust in this incompetent person. In 1915 Tsar Nicholas II unwisely chose to take direct command of field operations, personally overseeing Russia’s main theatre of war, leaving his German wife, Tsarina Alexandra as regent in charge of affairs in the capital. Alexandra was very unpopular with the Russian people, who accused her of collaboration with the Germans. Alexandra had no experience of government and under the influence of Rasputin constantly appointed and re-appointed incompetent new ministers, which meant the government was never stable or efficient. This was particularly dangerous in a war of attrition, as neither the troops nor the civilian population were ever adequately supplied; the country was plunged into further state of crisis. By 1917 the regime was in a parlous state with revolutionary unrest spreading among the troops and workers, peasants seizing the large estates and (a decisive new factor compared with the events of 1905) signs of disunity and disaffection amongst the ruling à ©lite and police, first shown in the murder of Rasputin by conservative nobles on Dec. 31, 1916. When Nicholas II entered the First World War, his desire was to restore the prestige that Russia had lost during the Russo-Japanese war. Nicholas wanted to galvanize the diverse people in his empire under a single banner by directing military force at a common enemy, namely Germany and the Central Powers. A common assumption among his critics is that he believed that by doing so he could distract the people from the ongoing issues of poverty, inequality and poor working conditions that were sources of discontent. Instead of restoring Russia’s political and military standing, World War I lead to horrifying military casualties on the Russian side and undermined it further. By 1915 (during World War I), there were manifold signs that the economy was breaking down under the heightened strain of wartime demand and the Tsar’s mis-management of the country’s funds. Over fifteen million men joined the army( due to conscription), which left an insufficient number of workers in the factories and on the farms. Conscription also stripped skilled workers from the cities and they had to be replaced with unskilled peasants. The result was widespread shortages of food and materials. Factory workers had to endure terrible working conditions, including twelve to fourteen hour days and low wages. Many riots  and strikes for better conditions and higher wages broke out. Although some factories agreed to the requests for higher wages, wartime inflation nullified the increase. Industrial workers went on strike and effectively paralyzed the railway and transportation networks. What few supplies were available could not be effectively transported. As goods became more and more scarce, prices skyrocketed. People were suffering, they began to turn to prostitution or crime( there was an increase in crime), people were begging, they were tearing down wooden fences to keep stoves heated for warmth. Also famine threatened many of the larger cities. The vast demand for factory production of war supplies and workers caused many more labor riots and strikes. In addition, because more factory workers were needed, peasants moved out of the country and into the cities, which soon became overpopulated, and living conditions rapidly grew worse. Furthermore, as more food was needed for the soldiers, the food supply behind the front grew scarce. Soldiers themselves, who were suffering from lack of equipment and protection from the elements, began to turn against the Tsar. This was mainly because as the war progressed, many of the officers who were loyal to the Tsar were killed and they were replaced with discontented conscripts from the major cities who were much less loyal to the Tsar. Russia’s first major battle was a disaster. In the 1914 Battle of Tannenberg, over 120, 000 Russian troops were killed, wounded or captured, while Germany suffered only 20,000 casualties. In 1915, things took a critical turn for the worse, when Germany shifted its focus of attack to the Eastern front. The superior German army destroyed the unequipped Russian forces. By the end of October 1916, Russia had lost between 1.6 and 1.8 million soldiers with an additional two million prisoners of war and one million missing. Soldiers went hungry and lacked shoes, ammunition and weapons. Rampant discontent lowered morale, only to be further undermined by a series of military defeats. The Tsar was blamed for all these crises and what little support he had left began to crumple. As this discontent grew, the State Duma issued a warning to Nicholas in November of 1916 stating that disaster would overtake the country unless a constitutional form of government was put in place. In typical fashion, Nicholas ignored them. The people were upset with the Tsar and his lack of care about his people. He was the reason they were suffering. The people were disgusted with his inept handing of the  country. Alexander Kerensky was a young and popular lawyer who gained a reputation for his work as a defense lawyer in a number of political trials of revolutionaries. Afterwards he gained a reputation for his work as a defence lawyer in a number of political trials of revolutionaries. He was elected to the Fourth Duma in 1912 as a member of the Trudoviks, a moderate labour party who were associated with the Socialist-Revolutionary Party. He was a brilliant orator and skilled parliamentary leader of the socialist opposition to the regime of the ruling Tsar, Nicholas II. When the February Revolution broke out in spring of 1917, Kerensky was one of its most prominent leaders: he was a member of the Provisional Committee of the State Duma and was elected vice-chairman of the Petrograd Soviet. He simultaneously became the first Minister of Justice in the newly formed Provisional Government. Kerensky became the Minister of War and the dominant figure in the newly formed government and in July of that same year he became Prime Minister. However, as Prime Minister he made two major errors. He ensured that Russia stayed in a war that was detested in the country itself. The overwhelming bulk of the population wanted Russia to withdraw from the war. There must have been few families, especially among the poor, who had not experienced personal tragedy between 1914 and 1917. His second mistake was not to offer the peasants land. Lenin did just this and immediately got the support he and the Bolsheviks needed at the expense of Kerensky. Kerensky also invited the Mensheviks to take part in the administration. To undermine the support of the Bolsheviks, Kerensky ordered that elections should take place for a constituent assembly. The elections were to be held in January 1918. Lenin had called for such elections earlier in 1917, so he could not object to this. As Kerensky argued, it was simply an extension of the democratic process denied to the people by the Romanovs. However, all the evidence indicated that the Bolsheviks would have done less well than other groups including the Mensheviks. On September 1st 1917, Kerensky declared Russia a republic. Vladimir Lenin was exiled in neutral Switzerland, when he heard of the revolution he made arrangements with the German government for permission to travel back to Russia. German officials agreed, evidently assuming that Lenin’s activities might weaken Russia, or if the Bolsheviks  came to power, lead to Russia withdrawing from the war with Germany. He arrived in Petrograd in April 1917. Lenin demanded that the Provisional Government give â€Å"All Powers to the Soviets† in addition to the speedy conclusion of the war without annexation, the renunciation of all secret diplomatic agreements, the control of factories by workers and the immediate seizure of land by peasants. He convinced his Bolshevik supporters that the seizure of power by the Soviets would be the signal for a European-wide socialist revolution. To prepare for the seizure of power, his Bolshevik supporters set out to win support from the masses in the soviets. Vladimir Lenin was the architect and first head of the USSR, led the October Revolution, which was effectively a coup detat. Lenin justified his violent seizure of power from the Provisional Government as merely a transfer of authority to the soviets, the popular councils elected by workers and soldiers that sprang up everywhere after the fall of the tsar. Lenin declared the formation of a Soviet government, withdrew Russia from World War I, and invited the peasants to take charge of the land that had formerly belonged to the nobles, state, and church. At the same time, Lenins government quickly moved to shut down opposition political parties and to censor the press, introduced conscription for the Red Army, and requisitioned grain from the peasants in order to fight the bloody Russian Civil War of 1918–1920. In January 1918, Lenin closed down the Constituent Assembly after the Bolsheviks won only 24 percent of the popular vote. In 1918, Lenin renamed the Bolshevik Party as the Communist Party. Although Lenin was ruthless, he was also pragmatic. When his efforts to transform the Russian economy to a socialist model stalled, he introduced the New Economic Policy, where a measure of private enterprise was again permitted, a policy that continued for several years after his death. In 1918, Lenin narrowly survived an assassination attempt, but was severely wounded. When Lenin was badly injured in a failed assassination attempt on August 30, 1918, his government quickly responded with the September 5, 1918, announcement of a policy of Red Terror that would take the form of arrests, imprisonments, and murders. Trotsky was a Marxist and for a long time worked as an independent  revolutionary in Russia. Before 1914 he had attempted to bring about great cooperation between the Mensheviks and the Bolsheviks but her failed. In 1917, after the March Revolution, he returned from exile in America. In July, he decided to join the Bolsheviks. Leon Trotsky was a Communist theorist, prolific writer, leader in the 1917 Russian Revolution, and the peoples commissar for foreign affairs under Lenin and then head of the Red Army as the peoples commissar of army and navy affairs. He was also elected as the President of Petrograd Soviet. Joseph Stalin was a Bolshevik leader who became prominent only after Lenin’s return to Petrograd in April 1917. Although Stalin was very much a secondary figure during the October Revolution, he did gain Lenin’s attention as a useful ally. Stalin had a very important, yet secretive job. He was to provide disguises and safe houses and to arrange safe passage out of Petrograd to Finland, with guides and bodyguards, for Lenin, had the revolution not worked out as planned. Following the October coup, Lenin gave him a position in the government as commissar of nationalities. As Stalin was a member of an ethnic minority as he was from the central Asian region of Georgia, not Russia. Lenin felt he would be an effective ambassador of sorts to the many ethnic minorities within the former Russian Empire. After the revolution, Stalin became increasingly powerful and eventually succeeded Lenin as leader of the Soviet Union upon Lenin’s death in 1924. Kerensky Provisional Government fell On October 25-26, 1917when Vladimir Lenin and his Bolshevik supporters overthrew it in the October Revolution (coup d etat). There are many reasons as to why the provisional government fell. The Provisional Government fell because they insisted to continue fighting in the First World War, although things were going so badly. Millions of soldiers were dead and injured, also the soldiers lacked proper equipment and weapons to fight effectively, and they also had little to no training in war tactics. Also the failure of the Brusilov offensive is an important factor. The Provisional Government also did not solve the economic problems that Russia was facing. There were stills strikes and riots. Shortages continued and the people saw now improvement. By this time there was subsequent unpopularity of Alexander Kerensky who the most prominent person off the Provisional Government (War Minister and Prime Minister). Also in October with the crisis building, the Bolsheviks saw the opportunity to seize important institutions in Petrograd  such as banks and railways. The Russian Civil War, which broke out in 1918 shortly after the revolution, brought death and suffering to millions of people regardless of their political orientation. The war was fought mainly between the Red Amy (Reds), consisting of radical communist and revolutionaries, and the Whites consisting of: the monarchist, conservatives, liberals and moderate socialist who opposed the drastic restructuring championed by the Bolsheviks. The Whites has backing from nations such as the UK, France, USA and Japan. Also during the Civil War, Nestor Makhno led a Ukrainian anarchist movement which generally cooperated with the Bolsheviks. However, a Bolshevik force under Mikkhail Frunze destroyed the Makhnovist movement, when the Makhnovists refused to merge into the Red Army. In addition the so-called â€Å"Green Army† (nationalist and anarchist played a secondary role in the war, mainly in Ukraine.

Skin to Skin Contact in Nursing

Skin to Skin Contact in Nursing Introduction Nowadays, separation of mothers from their newborn babies at delivery has become a usual practice despite the escalating evidence that this may have negative effects on the newborn. A growing volume of research supports skin to skin contact between the mother and the newborn in the immediate post-delivery period. Skin to skin contact is defined as placing the naked newborn baby, prone covered across the back with a warm blanket, on the mothers bare chest instantaneously following birth. A substantial number of studies showed that early skin to skin contact between the mother and the newborn is beneficial to the newborn. Some of the benefits of skin to skin contact include stabilization of the newborns body temperature through thermoregulation, regulation of heart rate and regulation of respiratory rate (Wallace Marshal, 2001). Additionally, early skin to skin contact facilitates the initiation of breastfeeding, helps neonatal thermoregulation and promotes maternal-infant bonding (Dabrowski, 2007; Wallace Marshal, 2001). Skin to skin contact may also ensure colonization of the baby with the mothers own skin flora, for which the child will have some resistance (Wallace Marshal, 2001). Despite its aforementioned benefits and despite the UNICEFs Baby Friendly best practice campaign which calls for early skin to skin contact, this practice is still not being implemented in the labor room in Bahrain. This can be due to lack of labor room nurses knowledge about the benefits of skin to skin contact. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess the current knowledge level of labor room nurses about skin to skin contact. The problem statement is: what is the perception of labor room nurses towards skin to skin contact between mother and the newborn? The research questions are (1) what do labor room nurses know about skin to skin contact?, (2) what are the factors labor room nurses identify as barriers to implementation of skin to skin contact, (3) what are the factors labor room nurses identify as facilitators to implementation of skin to skin contact? Identifying knowledge level of labor room nurses will help in designing and implementing in-service education programs to educate nurses about the importance of skin to skin contact. Additionally, identifying the barriers and facilitators of skin to skin contact will help in designing interventions to decrease the barriers and increase the factors that will facilitate skin to skin contact. Increasing knowledge level of labor room nurses, decreasing the barriers and increasing the factors that facilitate skin to skin contact will help in increased implementation of skin to skin contact in the labor rooms in Bahrain. Conceptual definition: 1. Skin to skin contact: Placing the naked newborn on the mothers bare chest immediately after birth. 2. Knowledge: Information about skin to skin contact 3. Barriers: Factors that decrease the likelihood of implementing skin to skin contact 4. Facilitators: Factors that encourage the implementation of skin to skin contact Operational definition: 1. Skin to skin contact: placing the naked newborn baby, on his/her stomach covered across the back with a warm blanket, on the mothers bare chest for at least 15 minutes starting immediately after birth. 2. Knowledge: the amount of information labor room nurses have about how to implement skin to skin contact and the benefits of skin to skin contact. 3. Barriers: the factors that prevent labor room nurses from implementing skin to skin contact. 4. Facilitators: the factors that help labor room nurses to implement skin to skin contact. One limitation of this study was the difficulties we encountered in trying to meet with the key stakeholders. Their busy schedules prevented them from devoting enough time to understanding our study. Another limitation was the fact that our group could not meet as frequently as we would have liked. Carrying out as group had several limitations due to other commitments it was difficult to meet frequently.

Is Holden Caulfield a Typical Teenager?

In the novel, Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger, Holden Caulfield is a 16 year old boy from New York City. He recently got the ax from his school, Pencey Prep, for failing four classes. He ends up roaming around the streets of New York City for three days, after leaving school early for Winter Break. Through Holden’s adventures, he becomes addicted to smoking, drinking and going out to night clubs. This conclusion leads me to think that he has the common issues that teens deal with daily. Although Holden secludes himself from the rest of the world, he is very much like a typical teenager when it comes to having problems in school. Holden reveals a strong hate for school. In chapter one, he states that â€Å"he didn’t know anyone at Pencey that was splendid and clear-thinking and all. Maybe two guys. If that many. † (pg. 6) Later, Holden gets kicked out from his school, Pencey Prep â€Å"on account of flunking four subjects and not applying† himself and all. (pg. 6) Holden is well known because teens can relate to him in so many things including issues in school. It seems that whenever Holden would get depressed he would turn to abusing alcohol, which is common among teens. In chapter 10, Holden was in a night club and he tried to order a scotch and soda, when the waiter asked for some verification of his age. (pg. 90-91) It seems that Salinger made this the only time alcohol wasn’t readily available in the novel. In chapter 12, Holden was at another night club, Ernie’s, when he tried again to order a scotch and soda, and was able to do so easily. He states that even if you were six years old you could get liquor at Ernie’s; nobody cared how old you were. (pg. 111) Again in chapter 20, Holden gets drunk at another night club. (pg. 194) The Catcher in the Rye demonstrates many life lessons, such as not abusing alcohol. In the novel, Holden Caulfield is like a puzzle piece that doesn’t fit anywhere in the puzzle, meaning he doesn’t fit in with the world. He has a really rough time fitting in at school because he thinks they are all phonies. In Chapter 1, Holden accidentally leaves â€Å"all the foils and equipment and stuff on the subway† so the whole team ostracizes him the whole way back on the train. (p. 6). In Chapter 6, Holden gets in a fist fight with his roommate Stradlater, because Holden continuously calls Stradlater a moron because Stradlater was criticizing what Holden wrote about for Stradlater’s paper that he asked Holden to write. (p. 54). Holden had a rough time fitting in both at school and in the world in general. The Catcher in the Rye illustrates a young boy struggling to try to fit in with everyone else and deal with life’s problems at the same time. From failing out of school to going to night clubs and getting drunk, this novel is told right from a teenager’s point of view. Salinger represents Holden as a character in his novel that holds many characteristic of a typical teenager, including alcohol abuse. To this day, Holden is well-known worldwide, by many people. He is known as the character that best describes teenagers and life problems.

William blake-the lamb summary and analysis

William Blake-the lamb summary and analysis THE LAMB Summary The speaker, identifying himself as a child, asks a series of questions of a little lamb, and then answers the questions for the lamb. He asks if the lamb knows who made it, who provides it food to eat, or who gives it warm wool and a pleasant voice. The speaker then tells the lamb that the one who made it is also called â€Å"the Lamb† and is the creator of both the lamb and the speaker. He goes on to explain that this Creator s meek and mild, and Himself became a little child.The speaker finishes by blessing the lamb in God's name. Analysis William Flake's â€Å"The Lamb† is an intricately complex poem written in 1789. The poem takes its central focus the grand question of creation, but it does so in an understated way, opening as a simple question to a sweet, delicate creature: â€Å"Little Lamb, who made thee? † The first half of the two-stanza poem has the speaker ask the lamb who is responsible fo r life and creation of this sweet creature with the â€Å"softest looting† of delight† and â€Å"Gave thee such a tender voice. The lamb functions as a symbol for the connection between humanity and the natural world. Associated with the rural English countryside, the lamb is also a symbol of pastoral innocence, bridging the gap between the urban world of humanity and the natural world of God's creation. Pastoral life also takes a central position in the poem. The collection of work in which this poem appears, â€Å"Songs of Innocence,† includes many Astoria scenes.These idyllic images of life outside of bustling cities firmly establishes a sense of peace and tranquility within these poems, including the â€Å"The Lamb. † This connects the figures of the poem to the natural world, where the figures of the poem can contemplate their existence without the interference of completely human elements. Flake's gentle phrasing lends a reflective, spiritual mood t o the piece, which answers the question in first-person narrative in the second stanza that higher power is responsible.In answering as Jesus Christ, Blake displays his own reverence for God in the phrases: â€Å"He is called by thy name, For He calls Himself a Lamb. He is meek, and He is mild; He became a little child. I a child, and thou a lamb, We are called by His name. Little Lamb, God bless thee! Little Lamb, God bless thee! † By stating the lamb's creator as Jesus Christ, Blake is establishing that everyone is in some sense a little lamb, created by God.

Free Essays on Wiermar Republic

Free Thought in the Weimar Republic From Artists to Industrialists, many Germanys were being mistreated because they were â€Å"degenerates.† First, to define a degenerate in the time period, one would find that a person was a degenerate if they did not fit into the social norm. The growing Nationalist parties had set this norm to increase pride in the German Country, the Fatherland. One can find many types of German people who suffered from this attack on humanism and art. Some of these degenerates were people who had serious doubts about the Weimar Republic. They saw the flaws in how the country was running and brought their visions to the public eye so the problem could be averted or fixed. So was the life of an artist named Otto Dix. Dix, a painter who fought in World War One, hated the war. After being exposed to the atrocities of war he wanted the population to remember Germany’s treatment and the hell of war. Germany was subjected to a naval blockade even after signing an armistice. The blockade starved much of Germany. Dix believed there was nothing good in war. This belief is what labeled him a degenerate, and made rightist leaders such as Hitler hate him. Leaving the military, he began experimenting in Expressionism. Expressionist painting in its ideal is abstract, ignoring the surface and reveal the hidden truth of something. An expressionist exclaimed: â€Å"We believe that our first duty is to dedicate all our energies to the moral regeneration of a young free Germany. We plead for excellence in all things†¦ We insist upon unlimited freedom of expression†¦.† The â€Å"New† Germany had no room for such individuality or hate of war. Dix painted several works portraying skulls, prostitutes, starving children, and the carnage of the war. He used his art as a political lever to change people’s minds about war but instead of being the best thing a country can do, he showed it as the worst. Dix’s works were viewed a... Free Essays on Wiermar Republic Free Essays on Wiermar Republic Free Thought in the Weimar Republic From Artists to Industrialists, many Germanys were being mistreated because they were â€Å"degenerates.† First, to define a degenerate in the time period, one would find that a person was a degenerate if they did not fit into the social norm. The growing Nationalist parties had set this norm to increase pride in the German Country, the Fatherland. One can find many types of German people who suffered from this attack on humanism and art. Some of these degenerates were people who had serious doubts about the Weimar Republic. They saw the flaws in how the country was running and brought their visions to the public eye so the problem could be averted or fixed. So was the life of an artist named Otto Dix. Dix, a painter who fought in World War One, hated the war. After being exposed to the atrocities of war he wanted the population to remember Germany’s treatment and the hell of war. Germany was subjected to a naval blockade even after signing an armistice. The blockade starved much of Germany. Dix believed there was nothing good in war. This belief is what labeled him a degenerate, and made rightist leaders such as Hitler hate him. Leaving the military, he began experimenting in Expressionism. Expressionist painting in its ideal is abstract, ignoring the surface and reveal the hidden truth of something. An expressionist exclaimed: â€Å"We believe that our first duty is to dedicate all our energies to the moral regeneration of a young free Germany. We plead for excellence in all things†¦ We insist upon unlimited freedom of expression†¦.† The â€Å"New† Germany had no room for such individuality or hate of war. Dix painted several works portraying skulls, prostitutes, starving children, and the carnage of the war. He used his art as a political lever to change people’s minds about war but instead of being the best thing a country can do, he showed it as the worst. Dix’s works were viewed a...

Decriminalizing Homosexuality Essay Example

Decriminalizing Homosexuality Essay Example Decriminalizing Homosexuality Essay Decriminalizing Homosexuality Essay Legalizing Homosexuality The universe tends to travel on a fling when something Wyrd or unnatural surfaces and everyone wants to give their sentiment about it. Such a thing which sparks the wonder of every possible sort of individual be it a hater or a protagonist, is the subject of homosexualism. News points of all manners went into a whirlwind with some USA provinces legalising homosexual matrimonies and followed with many a figure of treatments from all over the universe which would non hold surfaced elsewise. However, a fact people seem to be losing out on is the imposed condemnable nature of this so called abnormalcy which is still a widespread impression. It is interesting how some states are forcing toward approving same sex matrimonies while others are drawing the Torahs rearward and portraying that being a portion of the Lesbian Gay Bisexual and Transgender ( LGBT ) community is the ultimate offense. In a societal context where favoritism of all kinds is prohibited by the alleged cosmopolitan declar ations, criminalizing homosexualism is hypocritical. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights ( UDHR ) , which each member of this organisation is obliged to adhere to, proudly states in Article 9 of their charter, All human existences are born free and equal in self-respect and rights†¦ However the member states seem to hold wholly forgotten or ignored the fact that the LGBT community excessively consists of fellow worlds. I can truly state that the LGBT community is non surely equal in self-respect and rights and though they might hold been born free they are decidedly non populating free for they are identified as felons. Therefore criminalizing homosexualism is wrong because it validates that homosexualism is incorrect, it makes the LGBT community vulnerable to all sorts of maltreatment and all these add up to the misdemeanor of human rights. Criminalizing homosexualism adds the strongest point to those who strive to turn out that being a portion of the fagot community is incorrect. The mere being of the LGBT community is considered a menace to the society which compels 76 states to criminalize private, consensual same-sex relationships and for 5 states to enforce the decease punishment on same-sex sexual activities ( Speak up parity. 1 ) . In its simplest sense, a certain sort of love which people believe to be unnatural and improper is considered a offense doing anyone who engages in it a condemnable and therefore undertakings it as something illegal. Imagine holding to populate with the feeling of being a condemnable your whole life, seeking to hedge the jurisprudence merely for the interest of protecting you and your loved one and maintaining out of the dark cells of imprisonment. That is merely the tip of the iceberg of the issues faced by homosexual people in a society where they are evildoers no affair how much goo d they do. The United Nations Human Rights Council passed a declaration in support of homosexual rights in June 2011 ( UN passes ; UN Human ) . Even though it is non straight related to decriminalisation of homosexualism, there are important remarks made on the juncture which reflect on the deficiency of execution of this legalisation under the premises or more accurately biass, that the subject itself is unethical. The Nigerian delegate to the Council, Mr. Ositadinma Anaedu expressed his position on the affair with, We are covering with a affair that falls outside of human rights ( UN passes parity. 4 ; UN Human parity. 6 ) . The resolution’s focal point was to stop favoritism and force based on sexual orientation and gender individuality ( UN passes parity. 2 ; UN Human parity. 4 ) and clearly these constructs revolve around human existences. Yet, harmonizing to Mr. Anaedu it is non even worthy of inclusion in a treatment of human rights . To set frosting on the bar, good more like a dollop of rancid pick, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation takes these claims a small farther. Their representative, Pakistani Shafqat Ali Khan commented We are earnestly concerned at the effort to present to the United Nations some impressions that have no legal foundation in any international human rights instrument. ( UN passes para.4 ; UN Human parity. 7 ) . Not merely are they intent on labelling the LGBT community as felons, they seem to be holding no reserves about doing them seem cold or in a petroleum sense, animate beings. This unhealthy attitude shared by many and sometimes even led by people of authorization as in this instance, demo how the condemnable nature of being homosexual solidifies the misconception that it is incorrect. Simultaneously, the LGBT community becomes vulnerable to all sorts of maltreatment due to the criminalizing of homosexualism. Sri Lanka’s penal codification has been explicit to the best of their capacity when it states the condemnable nature of Whoever voluntarily has animal intercourse against the order of nature†¦. to be sentenced with imprisonment of up to 10 old ages ( Penal Code pg. 389E ) . Despite the being of such a condemnable charge, homosexualism being criminalized may sound foreigner to the general multitudes, but the illegality of belonging to the LGBT community is prevailing however due to the implied nature of the country’s condemnable Torahs. A 39 twelvemonth old Lesbian named Roshmi portions her acrimonious experience with Women’s Support Group which supports and advocates LBT individuals in Sri Lanka. In the Group’s article Not Gon na Take It Liing Down’ she states My partner’s household forcibly tried to give her pill s and medical specialty to bring around her. They tried really difficult to alter her into a heterosexual Twice she was subjected to electro-shock therapy. ( pg. 1 ) . These inhumane actions are non merely signifiers of maltreatment, it is force. The victim has been subjected to physical and emotional force when her family’ idea to change’ her gender. As Equal Ground, a non-profit organisation in the state working toward accomplishing equal rights for the LGBT community in Sri Lanka puts it, by neglecting to support the LGBT community from favoritism, hate offenses, and forced matrimonies the state has violated the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ( Human pg. 1 ; ICCPR ) . A state which is a treaty member to any sort of international pact is to the full cognizant of the fact that, one time it has signed, ratified and accessed a pact, it can non go against the content without being reprimanded by the international community. However, as homosexualism is criminalized in Sri Lanka, it provides a big loophole through which the unfairness toward the LGBT community is made possible. Although the human rights misdemeanors of the LGBT community done by the governments do non come up unless dug deeper, the common use of highly coarse and violative names to place members of the queer community which one can hear, besides stems from the freedom bestowed by the criminalisation of homosexualism. It is rather dry in the sense that, where the fagot community is concerned the maltreaters are guiltless while the victims are the felons. Further, criminalizing homosexualism paves the manner to the misdemeanor of human rights. Lauren Cole Parke who is the LGBTQ Rights Researcher for Political Research Associates based in USA, brings to illume how the constabulary do non necessitate a valid ground to aim members of the LGBT community. She presents the mode in which Monica Jones, a transgender adult female was arrested in Phoenix, Arizona for walking while trans ( From para.2 ) . In its basic sense, it is a condemnable offense for a member of the fagot community to travel freely within the society. This fact is mentioned in Amnesty International’s study on the affair as Transgender adult females are made vulnerable to be taken into detention by the constabulary, who sees them as cocottes due to the policemen’s ain personal and colored sentiments ( Stonewalled pg. 16 parity. 2 ) . However, the turn in this claim is non the mere thought of subjective and prejudiced perceptions which is inevitable until the u niverse wholly sheds away its homophobia, but the fact that criminalizing of homosexualism has given the constabulary a green visible radiation to transport out these hideous apprehensions which violate Article 9 of the UDHR, No one shall be subjected to arbitrary apprehension, detainment or exile. The declaration might tout about everyone having the same set of human rights but it will decidedly be forced into silence on this juncture when the unfairness is go oning in wide daytime. One might reason that criminalisation and human rights misdemeanor do non stand on the same grade but disappointingly with respect to the fagot community, one factor finally leads to the other. This bad luck is hypocritical because, even the liquidators who are given the decease punishment are now being granted their right to life, but the LGBT community in malice of being non even remotely comparable to the existent felons, is non even granted their basic rights as worlds. Legalizing homosexualism could be the first measure in a wide sense, which will take to non-discrimination and further, credence of the LGBT community in the universe in clip to come. Nevertheless, the air currents of alteration have non been able to wholly blow over the legal barrier which hovers above the fagots with a large streamer exposing the word criminals’ , yet. What each and every individual should understand is that no affair what faith you believe or how prejudiced you are, a individual loving another individual of the same sex is non a crime’ . One does non necessitate criminology to specify this crime’ , because within this societal justness issue the crooked position one has will ever comprehend a deformed and bleary image of homosexualism. However, holding said that, if provinces make a echt attempt to legalize homosexualism, it could rectify the visions of the cross-eyed and take the ticket, criminals’ . What the universe needs is non anot her justification that homosexualism is incorrect, but a different manner of looking at it and thereby forestalling the maltreatment of people belonging to the LGBT community. It will besides in bend guarantee that the LGBT community are treated as equal human existences with equal human rights. This entreaty, necessity and demand to legalize homosexualism is in the hopes of doing an environment where the LGBT community is able to populate freely as worlds whose human rights are non violated. Plants Cited Amnesty International USA. Stonewalled: Police Abuse and Misconduct against Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender People in the U.S. A ; lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.streetwiseandsafe.org/ wpcontent/uploads/2011/01/StonewalledAI.pdf A ; gt ; 2005. Web. 5 June 2014 Equal Ground. Human Rights Violations against Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender People in Sri Lanka: A Shadow Report A ; lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //tbinternet.ohchr.org/Treaties/CCPR/ Shared % 20Documents/ LKA/INT_CCPR_ICO_LKA_15986_E.pdf A ; gt ; Dec. 2013. Web. 3 June 2014. Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.United Nations Human Rights.International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. A ; lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ohchr.org/en/ professionalinterest/pages/ccpr.aspx A ; gt ; Web. 4 June 2014 A ; gt ; Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.United Nations Human Rights. Speak up Stop Discrimination A ; lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ohchr.org/en/issues/discrimination/pages/lgbt.aspx A ; gt ; Web. 4 June 2014. Parke, Cole.Political Research Associates. From Phoenix to Geneva, Criminalizing Queer Is More than Merely a Gay Thing A ; lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.politicalresearch.org/2014/05/16/from-phoenix-to-geneva-criminalizing-queer-is-more-than-just-a-gay-thing/ A ; gt ; 16 May 2014. Web. 5 June. 2014 Penal Code. A ; lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www1.umn.edu/humanrts/research/srilanka/statutes/Penal_Code.pdf A ; gt ; Web. 3 June 2014. United Nations.Universal Declaration of Human Rights. A ; lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/ # atop A ; gt ; Web. 1 June 2014. Wikinews. UN Passes LGBT Rights Resolution A ; lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikinews.org/wiki/ UN_passes_LGBT_rights_resolution A ; gt ; 18 June 2011 Web. 4 June 2014. Women’s Support Group.Womans and Media Collective. Not Gon na Take It Lying Down A ; lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //womenandmedia.org/not- gon na -take-it-lying-down/ A ; gt ; 18 Sept. 2010. Web. 3 June 2014. Zuvela, Matt.Deutsche Welle. UN Human Rights Council Passes Gay Rights Resolution A ; lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.dw.de/un-human-rights-council-passes-gay-rights-resolution/a-15170305 A ; gt ; 17 June. 2011. Web. 4 June 2014.

Organization Theory and Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Organization Theory and Design - Essay Example Furthermore, the use of shared information allows managers to do a significant job of opening up the communication channels in order to allow the flow of collective ideas. The sharing of information can supposedly be connected to the other elements within an organization such as task, structure, culture, and even strategy. In terms of structure, critical information concerning an organization has continuously been held by the top executives since Adam Smith’s time. Nevertheless, most organizations were also structured in a vertical manner in order to enhance the development of skills, as well as efficient productions. Such a form of authority provided a very sensible design for supervision and made it quite easier to enhance the level of control in large organizations (Cachon & Fisher, 2013). Strategies were meant to be formulated by the top management team before being imposed on the employees. To sum up, critical decisions related to how learning organizations respond to their competitors as well as efficient use of resources was enforced by executives. With shared information, every worker in a learning organization becomes a great contribut or to the success of the organization. A stakeholder is defined as any individual interested in the operation of an organization, as well as its financial aspects and prospects. Their interests can vary from one organization to the other. However, the biggest difference can be observed between for-profit and nonprofit organizations. For instance, stakeholders interested in a nonprofit organization would expect the managers to concentrate their efforts more on developing a lasting impact in the society, rather than making extraneous profit at the expense of the consumer (Moore, 2000). Thus, the expectations of the stakeholder would be to improve the quality of services offered to the nonpaying clients, instead of spending much capital in improving

Important Attributes in Entrepreneurship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

Important Attributes in Entrepreneurship - Essay Example This essay discusses that pursuit of an entrepreneurial dream starts with a viable dream. Entrepreneurship begins with conceptualizing a new idea, drawing a business plan, and making decision concerning the legal structure. Additionally, basic tactics such as pursuing an international opportunity or starting a new business venture, and financing issues are also considered before one can embark on the entrepreneurship journey. Most people, who venture into entrepreneurship, prefer a new business rather than already existing business opportunities. Some people begin with a desire to begin a business and then look for an idea while others start by having an exciting idea and then consider entrepreneurship later. However, there are basic issues that one must consider when considering an entrepreneurial venture. Some of these basic issues include finances, industry concerned, legal issues and potential risks and rewards. It is thus important for entrepreneur to consider various things tha t would boost or affect their success in the pursuit of small businesses. Entrepreneurship refers to the undertaking of innovations, or business acumen with the aim of transforming the innovations into useful economic goods. The undertaking may result in a new business or new organization. Entrepreneurial activities differ substantially depending on the conceptualized business idea and they range from solo business projects to major undertakings that create job opportunities. (Reuvid, 2008, p. 16). Most successful entrepreneurs demonstrate certain personal attributes such as dedication, creativity, flexibility, determination, passion, leadership, and self-confidence. Creativity is a spark that drives development of new services and products and pushes for improvement and innovation. Creativity allows for continuous learning, thinking beyond prescribed formulas, and questioning various possibilities. Determination is a strong desire to attain success and it includes ability to contin ue pursuing even during difficult times. It also persuades the entrepreneur to remain motivated and not necessarily by money gained from the business venture. Dedication motivates entrepreneurs to work hard and drive their ideas and plans. Flexibility refers to the entrepreneur’s ability to take a swift move in response to change in market conditions. Leadership is the capacity and ability to formulate rules, set goals, and ensure follow-through, and accomplishment of the established goals (Mariotti & Glackin, 2011, p. 63). Self-confidence rises from thorough planning since effective planning reduces uncertainty and risk. Effective planning requires expertise and skills. A self-confident entrepreneur is not easily intimidated or discouraged by market changes or challenges faced in business. More often, an entrepreneur will not demonstrate all these attributes and may lack one of them or even have only one or two of the attributes. The important thing is that the attributes ca n be learned. The entrepreneur, for instance, could hire someone to help him build or strengthen weak areas and attributes. Of importance is to know the personal strength and build on it while putting effort to minimize the weaknesses (Boone & Kurtz, 2010, p. 32). It is however, critical for entrepreneurs to ensure that they have developed these attributes for successful entrepreneurship. For instance, it is futile to start a business venture with little or no confidence in workability of the venture. Self-confidence instills optimism, which resembles fearlessness to face difficult odds. Self-confidence and determination helps one to see opportunities where other people see danger lurking (Bone & Kurtz, p. 240). Entrepreneurs conceive new ideas and devise innovative ways that helps overcome the difficult situations and problems. Creativity is a common denominator in entrepreneurship (Bone & Kurtz, p. 241). Besides the mentioned attributes, it is important to develop relevant values and integrate them within the business culture. Such