Personal Definition of Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Personal Definition of Nursing - Essay Example Just like other courses and occupations, nursing has particularly defined professional values, principles and rules, and personal attributes required in order to ensure maximum service delivery to the patients. Since nursing is all about maintaining health care of community, professional values required of the practitioners involve devotion to promote: health, disease prevention, healing process, growth and development. Furthermore, professional values in the field of nursing include readiness to minimize stress and suffering of the patients, and offer advice to the patients regarding how to cope with certain diseases or disorders. This is mainly possible through stating treatment process of a particular disease and the possible consequences likely to affect the treatment process. The profession of nursing requires practitioners to ensure utmost efforts in safeguarding the safety of patients despite the critical condition of the patients. Nursing is not an easy practice considering the challenges faced by practitioners in this field. The greatest part of nursing involves interaction with people of different personalities and characters suffering from a variety of diseases, some being communicable. Cultural, political, social, religious and gender diversity encompass the greatest challenges likely to be faced by nurses. In order to survive and remain active in this field, practitioners are expected to prove certain personal values. To start with, individuals serving in the field of nursing should be tolerant. ... This is mainly possible through stating treatment process of a particular disease and the possible consequences likely to affect the treatment process. The profession of nursing requires practitioners to ensure utmost efforts in safeguarding the safety of patients despite the critical condition of the patients. Nursing is not an easy practice considering the challenges faced by practitioners in this field. The greatest part of nursing involves interaction with people of different personalities and characters suffering from a variety of diseases, some being communicable. Cultural, political, social, religious and gender diversity encompass the greatest challenges likely to be faced by nurses. In order to survive and remain active in this field, practitioners are expected to prove certain personal values. To start with, individuals serving in the field of nursing should be tolerant. For example, it will be hard for an intolerant nurse to provide adequate health care services to a harsh , abusive patient with very negative emotions. This requires a nurse to be empathetic and slow to anger. Nurses are also supposed to be supportive so that they can keep track with the progress of the patient during recovery and offer advice and encouragements along the way. For instance, in case of a patient suffering from a chronic disease or deadly disease like HIV/AIDS, the family members or even the patient may suffer mental and psychological distress. The support of nurses in such cases will involve thorough counseling and monitoring of drug dosage. Another personal value required of a nurse is being indiscriminate. A nurse should be ready to provide health care services to patients of all types and from different

Emergency Operations Essay Example for Free

Emergency Operations Essay Washington is situated in the Pacific Coast, Northeast of the United States. It lies in a geographical region endowed with rain forests though some parts are dominated by a semi desert. The Washington state has varied climatic conditions with the oceanic climate dominating the west and drier conditions in the east. The annual temperature range on average stands between 39-52? F. The Washington community is a big community accommodating residents from all walks of life engaged in various tools of trade. The community has been victim to various catastrophic disasters that have called for emergency responses in the past. Its high vulnerability nature to disasters therefore makes it the ideal case to illustrate an Emergency response plan (ERP) model. The disasters range from volcanoes, fires, tornadoes, floods, earthquakes, winter storms, nuclear explosions, acts of terrorism, collapse of buildings among others. This ERP intends to particularly address the entire range of natural, hybrid and man made disasters . The plan is geared towards eventually offering solutions for the hazards that might culminate to such any of the above mentioned types of disasters, and also highlight the components of an effective ERP that would be able to act to minimize the effects disasters where they can not be controlled A disaster can be briefly defined as a sudden calamitous event that occurs and leads to loss of lives, damage to property ,causes unexpected hardships and cannot be effectively contained by use of ordinary procedures and resources(Schneid Collins, 2000). Natural disasters are those that occur majorly because of acts of nature, they occur slowly and insidiously before they severely manifest outwardly. They might be predictable because some areas are prone to some particular disasters but little can be done to control their occurrence. Examples of such disasters in the Washington Community include tornadoes, wind storms, ice storms among others. Man made disasters are those whose occurrence has entirely been induced by man in his daily activities. Hybrid disasters on the other hand are triggered by a combination or rather both natural and human actions such as deforestation that are current resulting to the current situation of global warming and subsequently affecting sea levels of cities on the coastal lines leading to floods. The effects of the disasters are severe broad and of a great magnitude ranging from losses of billions of dollars to damage that can not be quantified such as human life and also creating scenarios that need evacuations, widespread searches, casualties and rescue operations. Thus the solution lies in putting in place early warning and preparedness mechanisms in form of an Emergency response plan that will ensure that the community is adequately prepared to response in the occurrence of the disaster notwithstanding its type. Emergency Response Plan framework: Washington state community The very fist step in disaster preparedness and therefore formulation of an ERP is to identify the potential risks, evaluating the probability of those risks actually occurring and then assessing the probable damage and gauging the community’s vulnerability to the disaster (Lindell et al, 2001). The ERP needs to be a document compiled in agreement by all the stakeholders that are critical in the community’s disaster preparedness programmes. The plan needs to entail comprehensive risk analysis and valid risk predictions based on research and also include well thought early warning and disaster monitoring systems. The mandates and responsibilities of each stakeholder in the emergency response structure also need to be clearly indicated. The framework will need to entail models and plans for training disaster responders and rescue teams, together with all the personnel that come in handy at the onset of disasters from the various service providers in the community. Methodologies of risk communication, information dissemination and community awareness creation will also be encompassed. The intention is to help the ordinary community member personalize the risk and equip him with the right attitude, knowledge, and skills for self protection at the onset of a disaster. This should be done periodically to ensure the community accepts, retains and processes the information therefore becoming capable of acting in time of emergency. The community including the responders can carrying out mock drills and exercises to help them understand better the emergency scenarios and the whole concepts of emergency response. Additionally the community can be equipped with basic resources that will come in handy in the onset of the disasters. Indications of stock piling in the document are also critical to ensure that the necessary material resources and equipment will be available. Advance agreements therefore need to be made with the appropriate response suppliers in this regard (Eshghi Larson, 2008). In addition preparations for activating emergency reception programmes need to be put in place. The framework needs to as well include mechanisms geared towards tackling both the natural, manmade and hybrid disasters root causes. In conclusion early warning, response facilities and communication systems are invaluable assets all of which must be addressed in any ERP framework. Reference List Department of Homeland Security. (2004). National Response Plan (NRP) Course Summary (ISO 800). Retrieved on July 15, 2009, http://www. wnysmart. org/references/NRP summary. pdf Eshghi K, Larson, R. (2008). Journal of Disaster Prevention and Management, 17(1), 62. Retrieved from Proquest on July 15, 2009. Lindell K. (2001). Facing the unexpected:disaster preparedness and response in the United States. Washington,DC: Joseph Henry Press, p121-124 Schneid, T. Collins L. (2000). Disaster management and preparedness. U. S: CRC Press, p 2-3

Failure and the Degeneration of America in Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsb

   The Great Gatsby is a bold and damning social commentary of America which critiques its degeneration from a nation of infinite hope and opportunity to a place of moral destitution. The novel is set during the Roaring Twenties, an era of outrageous excesses, wild lavish parties and sadly, an era of regret and lost potential. As the audience, they take us on a journey guided and influenced by the moral voice of Nick Carraway, a character who is "simultaneously enchanted and repelled by the inexhaustible variety of life." Nevertheless, when Carraway rejects the East, returning to the comparatively secure morality of his ancestral West, we realize that gaiety was merely a thin facade, and that behind it lurked a hideous ugliness that penetrated to the essence of the human spirit.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It was during the Jazz generation that the common man, a man no different to James Gatz, pursued the glowing icons of his age. As religion gradually faded away, it was money that had become an object of veneration. The desire to become wealthy was parceled in the form of the American Dream, a savage ideal that was fundamentally flawed from the outset. The fallacy of the American Dream cursed all who aspired to its promises while the upper class enjoyed the luxuries that accompanied their status, exploiting those below them as a means to reaffirm their superiority.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Consequently, James Gatz, under the influence of characters like Dan Cody and Meyer Wolfshiem, underwent a self-transformation to become Gatsby, a new man who was founded on his "Plutonic conception of himself." As the embodiment of idealism and innocence, Gatsby strives to cre... ...ut also the destiny of human kind. It is a novel with a haunting tone that questions the very essence of our pursuits in life and ultimately, the meaning of life itself. It can only be hoped that we will heed this powerful message.       Works Cited and Consulted: Berman, Ronald. "The Great Gatsby" and Fitzgerald's World of Ideas. Tuscaloosa: U of Alabama P, 1997. Chambers, John B. The Novels of F. Scott Fitzgerald. London: Macmillan/New York: St Martin's P, 1989.   deKoster, Katie, ed. Readings on "The Great Gatsby." San Diego: Greenhaven, 1998.   Fitzgerald, F. Scott.   The Great Gatsby.   Simon and Schuster Inc., New York: 1991. Higgins, John A. F. Scott Fitzgerald: A Study of the Stories. New York: St. John's UP, 1971. Whitley, John S.   F. Scott Fitzgerald: "The Great Gatsby." London: Edward Arnold, 1976.   

Maus reflection Essay

I do hope that you took the time to enjoy my genre recreation project. The idea was a very spur of the moment decision, and came to me quite suddenly in the middle of Michael’s craft store. My original thought was to create a scrapbook of a certain characters’ life, and make a sort of collage of events surrounding them. Alex Galvin took me to Michael’s the Monday before the project was due, and I spent hours (or so Alex feels) looking around the craft sections at all the different scrapbooks and pages and stamps galore. I picked up almost everything I needed when I wandered over to the woodcraft section- and there it was: a beautiful wooden shadow box. I immediately dropped everything into Alex’s hands and dashed over to it. As I was looking at it I thought, how original†¦ no one else will think to do this, and a brilliant idea formed in my head. Much to Alex’s dismay, I had him put all of my other supplies back where they came from so that I could start on this new idea. My new vision, to create a memorial to Richieu, definitely challenged me to think outside of the (shadow)box. Get it? When taking notes on Richieu, I never learned much about his personal hobbies or what he liked to do as a child, so I could only put general items in the box. I put myself in Anja’s shoes and really thought about what a mother would want to remember about her son. The aspect that challenged me the most was to really think about the pain of losing a child, and if I were in that position, what would I want the memorial to really symbolize? I debated on the newspaper article the longest- did I want to relive the year or Richieu’s birth, or the year of his death? I chose a New York Times page from the year of Richieu’s birth, because it is always better to honor the happiness of birth rather than the death day. Now, you are probably wondering why I chose New York Times instead of a newspaper from their hometown, and you bring up a good point. My thought process for this was that by the time Anja had found out about the death of her son, and had enough time to fully process it, Vladek and her had moved on to America. I imagined that back then, they would not be able to access papers from Sosnowiec, especially anything from before the war, on Richieu’s birth year. I spent ages looking at different background pieces, trying to cut them and shape them to be exactly right, and randomized. I wanted it to look somewhat like a scrapbook, and I felt that Anja would have a bunch of little scraps and not full sheets of paper. I chose darker colors with not as many patterns to enhance the fact that, although we are remembering Richieu, it is still a dark place for Anja. I struggled when it came to the blanket scrap in the top corner. I only used a scrap, because maybe Anja was given the leftovers of Richieu’s blanket, or maybe she cut off a piece before she gave him to Tosha. Either way, the blanket would’ve had to survive the war, so I tried to burn parts of the fabric. Unfortunately, the type of fabric I had did not burn as well as I hoped, but I kept it in the box anyway. I wish I was able to include a train set in my box, because I took notes on Richieu playing with trains. A constraint I had was trying to fit 3-D objects inside, without pushing out the glass or making anything stick out. I also had trouble figuring out where to place everything so I didn’t crowd it and take away from the main point which was the picture in the center. I think that each reader has an expectation of what each genre entails, and each author needs to work with those anticipations. For example in Maus, if Art Speigleman had written a memoir, he wouldn’t be able to incorporate little details in his illustrations. Every frame, the reader can see the body language and facial expressions, which adds a whole new level to the story. If Spiegleman had written a general novel, there would be move filler to create the image of a storyline and not just dialogue. In a memorial box, people expect to see something that relates the deceased persons life, something special that pertains to him/her. Just like writing a regular essay, there are requirements to each project that if they aren’t completed, the genre wouldn’t make sense or it would turn in to something completely different. If you’ve ever read the short essay â€Å"Two Ways of Seeing a River† by Mark Twain, he brings up a good point about literature that I relate to genre. He makes a point to say that dissecting literature will take away from the essence of the piece as a whole. He talks about the river losing beauty and grace, simply because he studied it for so long and knows every bit of it. I believe that people who read simply for the pleasure of reading can see the beauty of genre without having any expectations or decoding it. Each genre opens up a new â€Å"river† and something new for each person to enjoy. I hate writing, simply because I don’t appreciate the beauty of putting each word on paper and I have only written essays for the majority of my life. I welcomed this project because it gives the sense of a different perspective of writing, and therefore opened my eyes to a new â€Å"river†. Each person responds differently to different types of genre, and I think that the answer is in the question. Genre doesn’t change the overall meaning of a piece, but it can add or take away details depending on the constraints, and different genres mean something different to each person. I have never done a genre remediation before, and I struggled with the concept of what it was. I thought I had to rewrite Maus into a completely different genre and I couldn’t wrap my head around how to do that. I loved the chance to explore something more creative and not only writing essays. This helps us get a better grasp on different types of genre instead of just have a teacher preach about different styles, we get to experience it ourselves. I am a hands on learner, and this project made it easier for me to understand and fully participate. Thank you, Danielle Chernitzer

Baseline Magazine

Baselinemag. com is a site which has been put in place to ideally serve as a guide on various aspects of technology. That is, it manages and disseminates critical information on technology. This information is usually in form of news stories, research studies, financial tools and company dossiers.As such, the site is structured in a formal format which can allow users of the site to gather all the information they need, perform analysis and make decisions on how to utilize the information in advancing their individual IT companies.Considering that the site is targeted at IT executives, the sites sub topics include a range of IT subjects such as IT management, techdirect, projects and white papers (Baseline, 2010). Furthermore, the subtopics which fall under these categories can be observed throughout the site making it easy for site users to access the exact information they are looking for immediately the site uploads. Basically, the site is structured in such a way that one uses li mited time trying to access data, a notion which appeals to the targeted audience.Overall Look and Feel Baselinemag. com targets technology and business leaders who are constantly on the lookout for cutting edge information on technology and on effective ways of managing their companies. As such, the site displays IT systems which have been implemented by other companies, how they have been implemented and the results emanating from them. This sort of information enlightens the users who measure their own success or failures against the expected results.By knowing how the most successful companies utilize IT solutions, companies are able to restructure their systems and alter their management strategies into fitting those of a winning company. All this information is spread out over a white colored background, with topics and subtopics highlighted by orange, brown and blue colors. These colors create a serene environment, depicting calmness which allows the user to fully concentrate on the information without any interruptions. The number of images is limited in the site and this gives the information greater significance.However, the site may not appeal to them as there are no catchy images. Useful Features The feature I found most useful was the stories posted on how to get promoted and on finding jobs online. These stories had no forms of jargon and have been written in a simple language to appeal to ordinary individuals seeking to advance in their careers. Majority of users are employees who are looking to get ahead in their careers, this feature can offer crucial information to ensure that they achieve this. Interesting Features Links visited included www.diskeeper. com, www. insight. com and www. smarttechnology. com. The link sponsored by smart technology was rather interesting as it carried the article on â€Å"the techie’s guide to fitness. † It offered a convenient and easy way of monitoring one’s fitness goals even while working . The gadget can indeed send significant details on one’s fitness directly to their phones or computer. Furthermore, Bottom-line Evaluation and Relation to Learning Objectives Basically, this site is of great value to business leaders and IT executives.However, its values decline in regards to ordinary people due to the irrelevance of the topic and subtopics found on the site. As pointed out earlier, only one or two features are relevant to an ordinary individual. According to Lagace (2000), value is depicted by a customer when the service delivery is effective. As such, the satisfaction of business leaders and executives is what can ideally rate this site while those stumbling on it can only speculate or even find it insignificant.Hoffman (1996) illustrates that past experiences can be advantageous when one is venturing into their own business. As such baselinemag. com offers even better options of evaluating other company’s experiences and learning from them. Bayan ( 2003) contends that there are tools which are quite useful while setting up an effective help desk and in the life of a company executive or business leader, baselinemag. com is one such tool. References Baselinemag. com. (2010). ZiffDavies, Inc. Retrieved on 23rd July 2010, from: www. baselinemag. com Bayan, R. (2004).Try these efficiency strategies when setting up a successful help desk. TechRepublic. Retrieved 23rd July 2010, from http://articles. techrepublic. com. com/5100-10878_11-5112468. html Hoffman, R. (1996). Help is Only a Phone Call Away! How to get good service. The Real World. Retrieved 23rd July 2010, from http://www. animatedsoftware. com/misc/stories/jobs/dbmscntr. htm Lagace, M. (2000). Calling all Managers: How to Build a Better Call Center. Harvard Business School: Working Knowledge. Retrieved on 23rd July 2010, from: http://hbswk. hbs. edu/item/1238. html

See the Best Architecture in Seattle, Washington

See the Best Architecture in Seattle, Washington The architecture in Seattle, Washington tells a story not only of itself but of a nation. Exploration of the lands west of the Mississippi River increased in the 1800s when the city was first settled by Easterners of European descent. The California and Klondike gold rushes had a home base in the community named for Chief Seattle, leader of the local inhabitants. After the Great Fire of 1889 destroyed much of the original 1852 settlement, Seattle bounced back, eventually throwing itself into the modernity of the 20th century. Visiting the Pacific northwest city is like taking a crash course in architecture. Although well-known for the nearby snow-capped mountains and the beauty of the Pacific Ocean, the City of Seattle should be especially admired for its approach to design and urban planning. When tragedy strikes or when opportunity knocks, this American city has taken action. Seattle, Washington is a very smart city, and heres why. Seattle Takeaways: 10 Sites to See Smith TowerThe Arctic Club BuildingPioneer Square and Underground ToursVolunteer ParkPike Place Market Historical DistrictSeattle Public LibraryMoPOPHammering Man and Other ArtFloating Houses on Lake UnionThe Space Needle Get High in Seattle The 1914 Smith Tower is not the tallest skyscraper anymore, but it gives a great introduction to historic Pioneer Square and downtown Seattle. The pyramid roof used to contain a huge water tank to supply the building with indoor plumbing. Todays visitors can take an Otis elevator to the 35th floor observation deck to get a first glimpse of the city. The Seattle skyline is recognized by its iconic observation tower, the Space Needle. Completed in 1961, it was originally built for the Century 21 Exposition, also known as the 1962 Seattle Worlds Fair. At over 600 feet tall, the observation tower allows a 360 degree view of the region at 520 feet, from the distant Mount Rainier to the swervy metal Frank Gehry-designed museum nearby. This observation tower has become a symbol of Seattle and an icon of the Pacific Northwest. Higher still is the 902 foot observation deck at Columbia Center,  originally the Bank of America Tower built in 1985. As one of the top ten tallest buildings in Seattle and one of the the tallest buildings west of the Mississippi River, the Columbia Center offers the Sky View Observatory on the 73rd floor for sweeping views of the Seattle area. Like other great tourist destinations around the world, Seattle now has a huge ferris wheel located by the waters edge. Since 2012, the Great Wheel has been getting tourists high in enclosed gondolas that travel over land and water. Seattle Space Needle and Frank Gehrys Music Experience Project. George Rose/Getty Images Stay Low in Seattle Most of the original 1852 settlement - wooden structures that had been built on the low, marshy ground - was destroyed by the Great Fire of June 6, 1889. After the tragedy, the area was filled, raising the street level about eight feet. The Yukon Gold Rush of the 1890s brought business to the town, but the rebuilt storefronts eventually had to be built up to reach the street level, creating what is now known as Seattles underground. This entire area known as Pioneer Square was saved and preserved by local citizens such as Bill Speidel, who started giving tours in 1965. The underground tours begin at the historic Pioneer Square, near Doc Maynards public house. Who was Doc Maynard? Born in Vermont, Dr. David Swinson Maynard (1808-1873) befriended Chief Seattle and became one of the founding fathers of Seattle in 1852. Closer to ground level is the 1912 Volunteer Park, landscaped by a man who became known as the Father of Landscape Architecture. For over three decades, the Massachusetts landscape architecture business founded by Frederick Law Olmsted had a presence in Seattle. The city first bought this park land in 1876, and the Olmsted firm was on board early on. Volunteer Park, one of many parks in Seattle, now includes a famous water tower, conservatory, and an Asian Art Museum - all great Things to do in Capitol Hill. Pioneer Square Where Seattles Underground Tour Starts. Joel W. Rogers/Corbis via Getty Images (cropped) The Pioneer Square Historical District is at the heart of Seattle. After the Great Fire of 1889, Seattle laws mandated rebuilding with fire-resistant masonry. The Pioneer Building (1892) is a fine example of the kind of Richardsonian Romanesque style used to rebuild Seattle. The Cadillac Hotel (1889) is also one of the first masonry structures built in post-fire Pioneer Square. The three-story Victorian Italiante structure was built to house local laborers: longshoremen, loggers, fishermen, rail yard workers, and prospectors preparing to search for gold in Canada. Nearly destroyed by arson and the 2001 earthquake, the structure is now outfitted with solar panels and considered a textbook example of adaptive reuse. Although the building is said to be haunted, the Klondike National Historic Park is located here. Another popular destination in Seattle is the Pike Place Market Historical District. A farmers market since 1907, Pike Place now hosts hundreds of independent artisans in what is said to be the oldest continuously operating and most historically authentic public market in the country. Farmers Market Since 1907. Carol M. Highsmith Buyenlarge/Getty Images (cropped) Modern Designs by Famous Architects The 1991 Seattle Art Museum known as SAM was designed by the architecture team of Venturi, Scott Brown and Associates. Although the architecture is world class, the downtown campus may be better known for the 48-foot outdoor sculpture of Hammering Man by Jonathan Borofsky and the totally free Olympic Sculpture Park nearby. The Museum of Pop culture (MoPOP) used to be called the Experience Music Project (EMP) when it opened in 2000. This high-tech, interactive museum explores creativity and innovation in music, science fiction, and popular culture. It is the brain-child of Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen but the architecture is pure Frank Gehry. Take a quick look by riding the Seattle Center Monorail that goes right through the building. The Seattle Public Library built in 2004 is another deconstructivist design by the Dutch modernist architect Rem Koolhaas and American-born Joshua Prince-Ramus. Open to the public, the library represents the art and architecture that Seattles citizens have come to expect. Seattle Public Library. Ramin Talaie/Corbis via Getty Images Floating in Seattle Washington State has been called the floating bridge capitol of the world. Pontoon bridges that carry Interstate-90 traffic over Lake Washington are the 1940 Lacey V. Murrow Memorial Bridge and the 1989 Homer M. Hadley Bridge. How are they engineered? Large, water-tight concrete pontoons are prefabricated on dry land then towed onto the water. The heavy, air-filled containers are placed end-to-end, and connected by steel cables, which are anchored to the riverbed or lakebed. The road is built on top of these pontoons. Despite their heavy concrete composition, claims the Washington State Department of Transportation, the weight of the water displaced by the pontoons is equal to the weight of the structure (including all traffic), which allows the bridge to float. Lacey V. Murrow Memorial Bridge in Seattle. Atomic Taco via flickr.com, Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic (CC BY-SA 2.0) Staying in Seattle The Arctic Club built in 1916 played host to lucky prospectors returning to Seattle with Klondike gold. Known for its sculptured walrus heads and Beaux-Arts opulence, the Arctic Building is now a DoubleTree by Hilton. The first skyscraper built in Seattle still stands. The 14-story, L-shaped Alaska Building, built in 1904 was the first steel-framed skyscraper in Seattle. Now a Courtyard by Marriott, the Alaska is more Chicago School style than the Beaux-Arts Hoge Building, Seattles second skyscraper built in 1911. Both buildings were surpassed in height when L.C. Smith built his own skyscraper with the pyramid roof. Where do people live in Seattle? If youre lucky, youll own a perfect little house by Brachvogel and Carosso, a local architectural firm that continues to build functional, historically modern houses for the Seattle area. Modernist style in the Pacific northwest flourished in the mid-twentieth century. Enthusiasts of northwest modernism have documented the lives and works of over 100 architects and designers who are associated with Washington State. Likewise, the independent documentary film Coast Modern includes Seattle in their examination of West Coast Modernism. Seattle is part of the Coast Modern story say the filmmakers in their blog. Most unique to the housing in and around Seattle, however, is the number of houseboats being designed for residents and vacationers, especially in the Lake Union area. Called floating homes, these residences embrace Seattles natural environment and northwestern lifestyle of mixing work with pleasure. Houseboats on Lake Union. George Rose/Getty Images (cropped) The City of Seattle claims the International District to be the only area in the continental United States where Chinese, Japanese, Filipinos, African Americans and Vietnamese settled together and built one neighborhood. Living together has never been an easy path, however. In 2001 the William Kenzo Nakamura U.S. Courthouse was renamed for a Japanese-American war hero whose family was ordered to internment camps during World War II. The 1940 courthouse is an interesting building architecturally, being described as Classically modern, Federal Art Deco, and PWA Moderne by the General Services Administration (GSA). The PWA or Public Works Administration was part of the New Deal of the 1930s. When the federal government renovated the building in the 1980s, the GSAs Art in Architecture project commissioned Caleb Ives Bach to paint The Effects of Good and Bad Government, an American version of the 14th century Lorenzetti fresco. Another U.S. Courthouse in Seattle is well-known for large murals in the lobby painted by artist Michael Fajans. Seattle is not only an interesting mix of art and architecture, but also a fascinating brew of people and history. Sources City of Seattle. Historic Districts. seattle.gov/neighborhoods/programs-and-services/historic-preservation/historic-districtsGeneral Services Administration. William Kenzo Nakamura U.S. Courthouse, Seattle, WA. https://www.gsa.gov/historic-buildings/william-kenzo-nakamura-us-courthouse-seattle-waHistoric Seattle. History of the Cadillac Hotel. https://historicseattle.org/documents/cadillac_exhibit.PDFNational Park Service. A Short History of Seattle. https://www.nps.gov/klse/learn/historyculture/index.htmWashington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT). Floating bridge facts.wsdot.wa.gov/Projects/SR520Bridge/About/BridgeFacts.htm#floating

The Last September essays

The Last September essays In the novel, The Last September, Elizabeth Bowen describes specific events and displays extreme emotions that many people would think could only be expressed from personal experience. Elizabeth would put characteristics of her childhood and teenager years into the life of Lois, one of the main characters in the book. Her life was full of trials and tribulations and she shared that throughout her novel. I believe that Elizabeth Bowen wrote this novel from her own personal experience, especially through Lois Farquar. As stated by the author Phyllis Lassner, Bowens conception of her family home is reconstituted in the relationship between Danielstown and its residents(Lassner 27). Elizabeth Bowens books portray moments in her life: In The Last September, Miss Bowens first important novel, she deals directly with the crisis of being Anglo-Irish at a time of national crisis, called the Troubles. Just as her early stories were written about her childhood at the time of her transition to adulthood, this work, too, marks another stage of transition in her life. (Kenny 61) Elizabeth Bowens life is portrayed through the characters and setting of her book The Last September. Elizabeth Bowen was born in 1899. She lived most of her life in England with her mother. Her father had a mental illness so she was unable to stay with him. Bowens mother passed away when Elizabeth was young, so she was sent to live with some elderly relatives. Elizabeths father died when she was in her 20s and she inherited the family estate, Bowens Court, where she lived alone for about eight years (Kenny 31-32). In her novel The Last September, Lois Farquar is living Elizabeth Bowens life. Elizabeth is telling the story of her life almost directly through Lois character. Lois mother died therefore, she had to move in with her aunt and uncle Naylor, which was the same situation El...

Common Job Interview Questions for ESL Learners

Common Job Interview Questions for ESL Learners The first impression you make on the interviewer can decide the rest of the interview. It is important that you introduce yourself, shake hands, and be friendly and polite. The first question is often a breaking the ice (establish a rapport) type of question. Dont be surprised if the interviewer asks you something like: How are you today?Did you have any trouble finding us?Isnt this great weather were having? This type of question is common because the interviewer wants to put you at ease (help you relax). The best way to respond is in a short, friendly manner without going into too much detail. Here are some examples correct responses: Common Interview Questions -  First Impressions Interviewer: How are you today?You: Im fine, thank you. And you? OR Interviewer: Did you have any trouble finding us?You: No, the office isnt too difficult to find. OR Interviewer: Isnt this great weather were having?You: Yes, its wonderful. I love this time of year. OR Interviewer: Did you have any trouble finding us?You: No, the office isnt too difficult to find. Here are some examples of incorrect responses: Interviewer:  How are you today?You:  So, so. Im rather nervous actually. OR Interviewer: Did you have any trouble finding us?You: As a matter of fact, it was very difficult. I missed the exit and had to return via the highway. I was afraid I was going to be late for the interview. OR Interviewer: Isnt this great weather were having?​You: Yes, its wonderful. I can remember this time last year. Wasnt it awful! I thought it would never stop raining! OR Interviewer: Did you have any trouble finding us?You: No, the office isnt too difficult to find. Getting Down to Business Once the pleasant beginnings have finished, its time to begin the real interview. Here are a number of the most  common questions  that are asked during the interview. There are two examples of excellent replies given for each question. Following the examples, you will find a comment describing the type of question and important things to remember when answering that type of question. Interviewer:  Tell me about yourself.Candidate:  I was born and raised in Milan, Italy. I attended the University of Milan and received my masters degree in Economics. I have worked for 12 years as a financial consultant in Milan for various companies including Rossi Consultants, Quasar Insurance and  Sardi  and Sons. I enjoy playing tennis in my free time and learning languages. Candidate:  Ive just graduated from the University of Singapore with a degree in Computers. During the summers, I worked as a systems administrator for a small company to help pay for my education. Comment:  This question is meant as an introduction. Do not focus too specifically on any one area. The above question will often be used to help the interviewer choose what h/she would like to ask next. While it is important to give an overall impression of who you are, make sure to concentrate on work-related experience. Work related experience should  always  be the central focus of any interview (work experience is more important than education in most  English-speaking  countries). Interviewer:  What type of position are you looking for?Candidate:  Im interested in an entry-level (beginning) position.Candidate:  Im looking for a position in which I can utilize my experience.Candidate:  I would like any position for which I qualify. Comment:  You  should be willing to take an  entry-level  position in an English speaking company as most of these companies expect non-nationals to begin with such a position. In the United States, most companies provide many opportunities for growth, so dont be afraid to start from the beginning! Interviewer:  Are you interested in a full-time or part-time position?Candidate:  I am more interested in a full-time position. However, I would also consider a part-time position. Comment:  Make sure to leave open as many possibilities as possible. Say you are willing to take any job, once the job has been offered you can always refuse if the job does not appeal (not interest) to you. Interviewer:  Can you tell me about your responsibilities at your last job?Candidate:  I advised customers on financial matters. After I consulted the customer, I completed a customer inquiry form and  cataloged  the information in our database. I then collaborated with colleagues to prepare the best possible package for the client. The clients were then presented with a summarized report on their financial activities that I formulated on a quarterly basis. Comment:  Notice the amount of detail necessary when you are talking about your experience. One of the most  common mistakes  made by foreigners when discussing their former employment is to speak too generally. The employer wants to know exactly what you did and how you did it; the more detail you can give the more the interviewer knows that you understand the type of work. Remember to vary your vocabulary when talking about your responsibilities. Also, do not begin every sentence with I. Use the  passive voice, or an introductory clause to help you add variety to your presentation Interviewer:  What is your greatest strength?Candidate:  I work well under pressure. When there is a deadline (a time by which the work must be finished), I can focus on the task at hand (current project) and structure my work schedule well. I remember one week when I had to get 6 new customer reports out by Friday at 5. I finished all the reports ahead of time without having to work overtime. Candidate:  I am an excellent communicator. People trust me and come to me for advice. One afternoon, my colleague was involved with a troublesome (difficult) customer who felt he was not being served well. I made the customer a cup of coffee and invited both my colleague and the client to my desk where we solved the problem together. Candidate:  I am a trouble shooter. When there was a problem at my last job, the manager would always ask me to solve it. Last summer, the LAN server at work crashed. The manager was desperate and called me in (requested my help) to get the LAN back online. After taking a look at the daily backup, I detected the problem and the LAN  was  up and running (working) within the hour. Comment:  This is not the time to be modest! Be confident and  always  give examples. Examples show that you are not only repeating words you have  learned,  but  actually  do possess that strength. Interviewer:  What is your greatest weakness?Candidate:  I am overzealous (work too hard) and become nervous when my co-workers are not pulling their weight (doing their job). However, I am aware of this problem, and before I say anything to anyone, I ask myself why the colleague is having difficulties. Candidate:  I tend to spend too much time making sure the customer is satisfied. However, I began setting time-limits for myself If I noticed this happening. Comment:  This is a difficult question. You need to mention a weakness that is actually a strength. Make sure that you always mention how you try to improve the weakness. Interviewer:  Why  do you want to work for Smith and Sons?Candidate:  After following your  firms  progress for the last 3 years, I am convinced that Smith and Sons are becoming one of the market leaders and I would like to be part of the team. Candidate:  I am impressed by the quality of your products. I am sure that I would be a convincing salesman because I truly believe that the Atomizer is the best product on the market today. Comment:  Prepare yourself for this question by becoming informed about the company. The more detail you can give, the better you show the interviewer that you understand the company. Interviewer:  When can you begin?Candidate:  Immediately.Candidate:  As soon as you would like me to begin. Comment:  Show your willingness to work! The above questions represent some of the most basic questions asked  on any job interview  in English. Probably the most important aspect of interviewing in English is giving detail. As a speaker of English  as a second language, you might be shy about saying complicated things. However, this is absolutely necessary as the employer is looking for an employee who knows his or her job. If you provide detail, the interviewer will know that you feel comfortable in that job. Dont worry  about making mistakes  in English. It is much better to make simple grammar mistakes and provide detailed information about your experience than to say grammatically perfect sentences without any real content.

London is now a more global city than New York Essay

London is now a more global city than New York - Essay Example The criteria used for identification is usually based on a yardstick value which considers the producer service sector or the imminent determination which basically compares the productivity of the cities. There are a number of global cities in the world including London and New York.Economic characteristics of a global city†¢ A global city serves as the corporate headquarter for multinational corporations, financial institutions, stock exchanges, law firms and conglomerates that influence the economy of the world as a whole.London offers major business and financial services for example; it is home to more than 33% of European headquarters of Global Fortune 500.†¢ To be a global city, it should also be able to contribute some considerable financial output to the city’s regions and the nation’s GDP†¢ A global city needs to appear at the top of the cost of living.†¢ It should be home to major stock markets.More than 40% of the world's foreign equities and shares are traded in London, more than are traded in New York.Over 30% of the world's foreign exchanges take place in London, which is more than Tokyo and New York put together. New York, same to Tokyo rely mainly on their large American and Asian domestic markets while around 80% of London’s business is international.  Political characteristics†¢ London, Berlin, Tokyo, Paris among others, feature among the cities that have achieved this. New York is not among them. The standards of living or the quality of life should be considerably high.

Legal Systems and Contract Law Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Legal Systems and Contract Law - Assignment Example The scenario presented by the case of Arju, a consumer who went to purchase a power washer at a local store whereby she was assisted by three different people. This case involves a number of parties and therefore, the Scots contract law will be applied in this case. Question A1 In this scenario, we witness a customer who advised Arju to purchase a certain power washer (AK47 Watersquirt). Arju purchased the water washer based on the recommendation of the customer. In this scenario, as the lawyer representing Arju, I would advise him not to pursue this case in a court of law. This is because the customer’s recommendation amounted to something more or else of a promise. According to the Scots Law of contract, a unilateral promise is not recognised as a contract. The provisions of the Scots Law of contract do not recognize unilateral promises which are against the provisions of this law. This is similar to the case of Punit Beriwala v. Suva Sanyal [1998], whereby Suva had sued Pun it for breach of contract based on a marriage promise. The court held that the promise was not enforceable and therefore the promise could not be considered as a binding contract. According to the Scots law of contracts, for a contract to be binding it must be a bilateral agreement between two parties. On the other hand a contract can exist whereby a person has obligation to perform duties in relation to another person. This type of contract is referred to as a gratuitous  contract (Douglas,  56). In the case of Arju, she was not advised by the customer in this scenario but the customer was merely expressing her opinion. As a result, a court of law would not recognize this as a breach of contract since there was no contract in the first place. According to the Scots Law of contracts, a contract is an agreement between two or more parties with the intention of creating legally binding obligations. Therefore, the customer’s recommendation had no intention of creating legall y binding agreement. As the legal representative of Arju, I would advise her not to pursue a case against the said customer but instead try to be careful the next time. Question A2 In another scenario, we witness a sales assistant who is not familiar with power washers but goes ahead to assure Arju that the store sells quality goods. However, the sales assistant omitted information concerning customer recalls on goods on faulty goods. Based on the information provided by this case, as the lawyer for Arju, I would advise her to sue the sales assistant and the shop for breach of contract. According to the Scots Law of contracts, a contract is an agreement between two or more parties. In terms of promises one makes to another, the Scots Law of contracts requires the promise to be done in writing or be proved by a writ or oath. However, this provision excludes undertaking done under businesses. Therefore, the sales assistant’s reassurance of the good quality of goods sold by the store amounted to a breach of contract. The promise given to Arju by the sales assistant compelled Arju to purchase from the store leading to a loss (Hare, 64). As a result, Arju should sue the store based on the information provided by the sales assistant. Another provision of the Scots Law of contract is that for a contract to be legal and binding there must be free and genuine consent of the parties. In this scenario, the sales assist

About me Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

About me - Essay Example I graduated with a Bachelors of Arts Degree in English Language from Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Nigeria more than two years ago and have been teaching the subject in secondary schools since then. Right from my time in the university, I have nursed the idea to promote and sustain Yoruba language and culture within the shores of Nigeria. No wonder, therefore, that one of my research projects in the university was â€Å"Word Creation Processes In English: A Case Study Of Affixation, Blending And Compounding Involving English And Yoruba Words†. However, the society seems to be having a different perspective; English appears to have a clear cut preference over the Nigerian languages which are labeled ‘vernacular’. Although there are a few who share my school of thoughts, the general societal belief system is non-accommodative, thus the desire to look beyond my society. The ideas I have nurtured passionately for years collapses well into the Fulbright FLTA Program; a program that will not only open up the avenues of refining my English language proficiency and teaching skills, but also power on the opportunity to exchange cultural values with foreign individuals. Interestingly, I have always imagined how exciting it would be to actualize my dream of sharing my cultural roots with total strangers. I liken such to a possible scenario of two young lovers; a perfect avenue to burn passion and express emotions. I remember with nostalgia the days in University seeing foreigners [Europeans or maybe Americans] struggle to study the Yoruba language and culture, yet missed opportunities to have a tete-a-tete with them. Nonetheless, that was then, with a totally different objective to accomplish; obtaini ng a first degree. The opportunity presented in this particular program will be perfect as much. Teaching English language may be very interesting, nothing would be more fulfilling than seeing people [foreigners] appreciate the Yoruba culture and

Medical Ethics and the Law (UK) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Medical Ethics and the Law (UK) - Essay Example According to the report findings there are also some cases wherein the patients are not able to make theirown personal decision.   In the case of Major Tom, he was critically injured at the time the plane crashes and was unconscious at the time the proposed operation was delivered by Mr. Botch.   In this case, Mr. Botch was responsible in balancing his duty of care with regards to autonomy  or the practice of informed consent; as well as the practice of non-maleficence, beneficence  and justice.This essay stresses that the capability of the patient to give consent on a specific care or treatment should always be considered by the health care professionals unless there is are clinical evidences that can prove that the patient will never be able to be mentally capable of deciding for himself.   As a general rule, the patient have the legal right to either agree or disagree with the health care professionals’ proposed medical treatment based on the patients’ own set of values and/or religious beliefs.  It is but ethical for Mr. Botch to respect the personal decision of Major Tom with regards to whether he would go through the lung surgery or not.  Health care professionals should also practice the law of confidentiality. It is generally unethical for health care professionals to talk about or disclose the health condition of the patient to other people regardless of whether the mode of communication is verbal or in written.

Adult leopard frog dissection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Adult leopard frog dissection - Essay Example As an external structure of leopard frogs consist of spots/lines on their skin. Their skin is shiney and slimy to touch. These spots/lines are different in color on the green or brown skin. These are going to be a broad as near from each eye to the groin. Males leopard contain two vocal sacs on their body. These help them to attract the female and spread the threat to others. In adult leopard limits in size is vary from 2inches to 5 inches in length, where as female usually bigger then male. They usually do active at night time. These are related to other water animals who take breath from their skin like fishes and other water animals.Amphibians are the animals that live their life in both water and land. There are more then 4000 amphibians and they all are divided into three main groups' frogs, salamanders and caecilians. Frogs are more the 3750 species. Frogs have straight skin and long limbs. These are different from salamanders that have long tail at the end of their body. Frogs have no tail because they have to jump. Caecilians that are in very less amount have no limbs such like earth warm. These species most of time live underground.The external anatomy of amphibians is similar to vertebrates. Amphibians are found in many places like grasslands, rain forests, alpine areas or in deserts. Most of them live in fresh water like ponds, steams or other wet environment that is best for their reproduction. Amphibian body structure is as such that they can easily move about on land as well as water. Frogs have longer and powerful hind legs. These are stronger then front legs so that these legs help him to jump and swim. It is also seemed that most of amphibians retain their teeth but not all. Amphibians are cold blooded. They are no so hot not so cold. They are fully dependent upon the outside environment temperature. Their body atmosphere depends upon out side temperature. Frogs can hear through their vocal sacs which are attached to their throat. These vocal sacs also called their voice box. For this they can generate larger range of voice with different variety. Inner structure ear of leopard frog able to get voice from two angles: tympanic-columellar and extra tympanic routes. These can catch the sound between 2 kHz to 300 Hz. Thresholds which controls the voice to in to the two routes are very similar up to 1.0 kHz, above which tympanic transmission is changes from different values, the most efficient by 15-20 dB. These amphibians' species are very sensitive to external environment. Pollution and dirty environment are going to reduce them. They keep from dry out such frogs have water proof mucus which covers all around its body. This protects the frog to escape from water from the frog's bodies. The vision is also very critical in frogs. They have bulging large eyes on their head. These eyes are outer most edge of head which help them to protect from danger and search the prey. They help them to view nearly every direction. The structure of mouth in leopard frog consist of buckle cavity belong with the flexible tongue. Inside the jaw there are strong muscles on both side under the teeth .The frog do not eat the prey but digest it without chewing. The muscles of limps, back and other are structured mostly from back to front so that it can move easily. Leopard frog usually eats earthworm and insects. Their digestive system contains a mouth, stomach, esophagus and intestine, Intestine open in a chamber which is called cloaca. It digests the food with the help of kidneys then exerts the wasted food through a muscular of cloaca. This is also the point where eggs exit from body. These Leopard frogs and other frogs systems are similar to other species for this they called in a single family of amphibians. These do mate in the seasons of rains because in this season the fertilization is very

Management of Malnutrition Among Adult Patients Essay

Management of Malnutrition Among Adult Patients - Essay Example But a healthful diet can prevent many illnesses. In fact, WHO estimates that up to 40percent of cancer cases could be prevented by better eating habits and by exercise. However, with the existence of different illnesses in the society and the different therapies that are needed to be given to the patients in hospitals and even in homecare, malnutrition becomes an unavoidable matter. To prove this particular matter, the following diagram shall make an indicative implication as to how malnutrition actually affects the aged patients who need to undergo certain medications that require lesser solid food intake. It has been observed that there is at least 15% annual increase in the measure of patients being involved in issues of malnutrition. The diagram that follows herein simply pertain to the record garnered from the year 2005; with the years fast progressing, one could just imagine how much the estimated diagram presentations have actually increased in rate measurements as to how much more are naturally included in the record of malnourished patients in different hospitals around the world. From the diagram presented above, it could be observed that the rate of the patients undergoing the situation of malnutrition during medication are naturally expected to result to high mortality rate among the said particular population considered in the situation. No matter, even though malnutrition among patients undergoing certain medical therapies cou... situation could not be dealt with systematically so as to bring back the health and enthusiasm of the said individuals for the right nutrition that they actually need. Hence, to be able to support the said needed improvement in the health situation of the primary patients to be treated by the process to be proposed herein, a presentation of the major indicative factors to consider in the process shall be discussed herein. Program Title: Dietary Nutrition Therapy (1) Objective: To assist adult patients in their struggle for better nourishment. These patients are noted to have special health cases that require constant care especially with regards nutritional intake. (2) Mission: To make sure that adults undergoing special health treatments are given the right nutrition even when they are under a certain medication treatments that require less or no solid food intake at all. (3) Particular health cases to be considered for dietary nutrition therapy are as follows: Stroke Cancer Oesphageal Cancer Head and Neck Cancer Huntington's Disease Heart failure Parkinson's Disease Tuberculosis These are only a few among the qualified health cases that could be assisted through the dietary nutrition therapy procedures. There are still other health failures that could be supported through the utilization of the said dietary therapy. It should also be noted that the dietary nutrition therapy is strongly suggested o be taken by those who are not supposed to eat for weeks or days due to some other medication therapies they need to take. NOTES TO CONSIDER: (a) The measure of malnutrition in a patient should be well examined by the attending doctor. (b) The parallelism of the medication with the suggested dietary assistance program therapy noted herein should be well

Adult leopard frog dissection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Adult leopard frog dissection - Essay Example As an external structure of leopard frogs consist of spots/lines on their skin. Their skin is shiney and slimy to touch. These spots/lines are different in color on the green or brown skin. These are going to be a broad as near from each eye to the groin. Males leopard contain two vocal sacs on their body. These help them to attract the female and spread the threat to others. In adult leopard limits in size is vary from 2inches to 5 inches in length, where as female usually bigger then male. They usually do active at night time. These are related to other water animals who take breath from their skin like fishes and other water animals.Amphibians are the animals that live their life in both water and land. There are more then 4000 amphibians and they all are divided into three main groups' frogs, salamanders and caecilians. Frogs are more the 3750 species. Frogs have straight skin and long limbs. These are different from salamanders that have long tail at the end of their body. Frogs have no tail because they have to jump. Caecilians that are in very less amount have no limbs such like earth warm. These species most of time live underground.The external anatomy of amphibians is similar to vertebrates. Amphibians are found in many places like grasslands, rain forests, alpine areas or in deserts. Most of them live in fresh water like ponds, steams or other wet environment that is best for their reproduction. Amphibian body structure is as such that they can easily move about on land as well as water. Frogs have longer and powerful hind legs. These are stronger then front legs so that these legs help him to jump and swim. It is also seemed that most of amphibians retain their teeth but not all. Amphibians are cold blooded. They are no so hot not so cold. They are fully dependent upon the outside environment temperature. Their body atmosphere depends upon out side temperature. Frogs can hear through their vocal sacs which are attached to their throat. These vocal sacs also called their voice box. For this they can generate larger range of voice with different variety. Inner structure ear of leopard frog able to get voice from two angles: tympanic-columellar and extra tympanic routes. These can catch the sound between 2 kHz to 300 Hz. Thresholds which controls the voice to in to the two routes are very similar up to 1.0 kHz, above which tympanic transmission is changes from different values, the most efficient by 15-20 dB. These amphibians' species are very sensitive to external environment. Pollution and dirty environment are going to reduce them. They keep from dry out such frogs have water proof mucus which covers all around its body. This protects the frog to escape from water from the frog's bodies. The vision is also very critical in frogs. They have bulging large eyes on their head. These eyes are outer most edge of head which help them to protect from danger and search the prey. They help them to view nearly every direction. The structure of mouth in leopard frog consist of buckle cavity belong with the flexible tongue. Inside the jaw there are strong muscles on both side under the teeth .The frog do not eat the prey but digest it without chewing. The muscles of limps, back and other are structured mostly from back to front so that it can move easily. Leopard frog usually eats earthworm and insects. Their digestive system contains a mouth, stomach, esophagus and intestine, Intestine open in a chamber which is called cloaca. It digests the food with the help of kidneys then exerts the wasted food through a muscular of cloaca. This is also the point where eggs exit from body. These Leopard frogs and other frogs systems are similar to other species for this they called in a single family of amphibians. These do mate in the seasons of rains because in this season the fertilization is very

Religion essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Religion - Essay Example It is illustrated in their teachings that giving up worldly desires would result in eternal peace and harmony resulting in alleviation of the soul. For Shinto, Confucianism and Taoism, HARMONY AND SUPREMACY, act as the fundamental foundations of their beliefs. All three religions believe that world/ nature is supposed to follow a rhythmic cycle which brings harmony into lives on earth. It is the digression from this cycle which results in emergence of evil and good. Furthermore, they also recognize the presence of a supreme power that can be a God, Gods (as per various sects) or rulers of the land who are bestowed with powers to bring harmony and peace on their lands. Islam, Christianity and Judaism are mainly recognized by MONOTHEISM and PHROPHECY. Presence of one God is the fundamental belief of these religions which makes them highly distinctive than other religions. However, Jews have THEIR own ONE GOD, Christians believe that Jesus was the God on earth walking as a human but Islam believes that God relates to everyone irrespective of who he is and treats everyone equally but judge them on the basis of their actions. All three religions have figures that were prophets of their times i.e. Judaism had Noah and Moses, Christianity had Jesus and Islam recognizes Muhammad. Where Islam is the last religion acknowledging monotheism, it also recognizes prophets of the other two religions. Other than holy books, lives of these prophets also act as the guidelines which the followers of these religions are expected to follow. Careful analysis of these religions would reveal that all of them support the tolerance and respect for other individuals. This is where the concept of respect for life and its forms (human, plants and animals) and a clear distinction between good and evil emerges. All of them support the notion that every evil or bad deed meets punishment at the end. If these concepts are

To say the word Romanticism is to say modern art- that is intimacy Essay Example for Free

To say the word Romanticism is to say modern art- that is intimacy Essay Blake and Wordsworth were both Romantic poets yet their views of London are opposed to each other. What are these conflicting visions of the same city and how do they differ from one another? To say the word Romanticism is to say modern art- that is intimacy, spirituality, colour, aspiration towards the infinite, expressed by every means available to the arts. Charles Baudelaire Romantic poets were preoccupied with the idea of the pastoral idyll; a rural landscape where man was spiritually and physically at one with nature. These Pastoral fantasies typically invoked Pagan deities and ideology. Romanticism, according to Baudelaire is colourful and lively. Blake and Wordsworth are both Romantic poets yet their views of London, as portrayed in their poems; Westminster and London, are very different. Wordsworths poem Westminster has a joyful, exultant tone towards London and the diction could be considered colourful and spiritual. However, Blakes poem London has a pessimistic tone, more typical of a Romantic poet. Blakes London shares a view which is expected from a Romantic as the Romantics did not want industrialisation of Great Britain to occur. The negative effects of the Industrial Revolution were especially prominent in London, so this miserable, urban landscape is anathematic to Blake. Romantics wanted the countryside to remain untouched and bucolic. The gloomy diction in London shows this funereal tone. Cry of fear, marks of weakness, marks of woe, hapless Soldiers sigh and blights with plagues the Marriage hearse are all examples of the diction used to build a sense of vulnerability and repulsiveness in London. The perspective that Blake uses also shows that he is projecting his own Romantic feelings onto London. He uses the first person, I repeatedly throughout the poem and also opens with it. For example, I wander, I meet and I hear. This illustrates that his view of London is subjective. The poem is also written in the present tense and this gives the sense of living the experience with the narrator. Thus the poem seems more immediate and intimate. The imagery used in Blakes poem is also depressing and there are many examples of aural, tactile and visual imagery. The marks in every face he meets are examples of visual imagery. He uses words such as marks and every repeatedly and this stresses the ubiquity of misery and moral decrepitude in the city. Examples of the aural imagery that Blake uses are cry of every man, cry of fear and the mind-forgd manacles I hear. These aural images convey the negative effects and emotions that can be found within the people of London. The tactile image of the mind-forgd manacles is also particularly interesting as it is an example of figurative language rather than literal. It is a metaphor for the restrictions or constraints that are placed on people, either by societys expectations and demands or perhaps by themselves. It appears that Blake suggests that people in London are manacled by their own moral weakness. During the Victorian period, men who paid prostitutes were disgraced, not only for the moral reasons of committing a sin, but for the fact that they may have contracted a venereal disease such as gonorrhoea or syphilis. The marks which Blake relates to, such as the marks of woe may be moral weaknesses that men would have been ashamed to be associated with, for example when paying a prostitute for sexual pleasure. However, these marks may also have been literal scars from diseases they had caught. In the last stanza, Blake uses the word midnight. This has dark connotations to it and gives the sense of an evil atmosphere. Blake also adds to this wicked atmosphere in the lines, How the youthful Harlots curse/Blasts the new-born Infants tear as he uses diction such as Harlot, curse and Infants tear. These lines also inform the reader about the harlot and her baby. The curse which Blake relates to could be infecting of the harlots baby with gonorrhoea. This is shown as her baby has a tear in her eye and probably has a problem with it, a symptom of gonorrhoea. In the last line, Blake writes And blights with plagues the marriage hearse. This line suggests that the city is married to death as it uses the oxymoron marriage hearse. This is a conflation of two opposed ideas since a hearse is associated with a funeral because it carries a coffin. Blake may be implying that the city is married to death, or is doomed since the majority of infants in the city are possibly associated with venereal disease. This is shown as he uses the word most when discussing the most common thing that he sees in the streets of London. However, these lines could be considered ambiguous since Blake may be telling us of what he hears in the streets, for example, a Harlot cursing, or swearing at her baby when it cries. London is divided into four stanzas of four lines each and has an alternate rhyme scheme. The rhythm is rather constrained and this gives the impression that the poet is narrating the story as he wanders thro' London, this further emphasises the intimacy. In each stanza there is one main idea which develops the overall motion that London is a corrupt, morally decrepit city. In the first stanza, the idea of London being a charterd city is explored. Blake says that the streets and the River Thames in London are charterd. It could be interpreted that he believes the city has been hired and brought up by commerce and through money. In the second stanza, Blake attempts to show the unhappiness in the city and the depressing effect it has on people by using the word cry repeatedly whilst in the third stanza he writes about how the institutions are corrupted such as the palace. This is shown in the lines The hapless soldiers sigh/Runs in blood down Palace walls. One possible interpretation of the word palace is that it is a metonymy for the government. Blake may be stating that the hapless soldiers have been sent to die while trying to gain power for the British Empire. These lines are also a powerful fusion of light and sound and contain examples of both aural and visual imagery, for example hapless soldiers sigh and runs in blood down palace walls. In the third stanza, Blake implies that the church is becoming corrupted or is blackning, either literally by the pollution that the city is creating or figuratively as it stands by and watches the innocent youths being exploited, such as the chimney sweepers, and the abuse of soldiers. However, the line Every blackning church appals could be considered ambiguous, since the phrase Church appals suggests that it is disgusted by the corrupted institutions, such as the Palace but does not have the power to take much action against them or simply does not want to irritate the palace. Therefore, Blake most likely wants the palace to hear his concerns that he is voicing, which he believes many other people in London share. This idea is reinforced by the fact that in this stanza, if the first letter of every word, on every line is taken, the word HEAR can be made, this also highlights the aural imagery used in this stanza. The word appals may also echo the largest symbol of religious power in London, St Pauls Cathedral and this suggests that Blake is questioning why the church has not spoken out against the government. Unlike the third, the fourth stanza is focused on the future of London. This is because the infant described has a future and eventually the infants in London will become adults who will have to take part in the daily running of the city. However, unlike Blake and other Romantics, Wordsworths Westminster has a surprisingly optimistic tone for a poem written by Romantic. This joyful tone is shown in the diction and imagery he uses. Such as, beauty of the morning, sun more beautifully and calm so deep are all examples of the lauding diction that Wordsworth uses. His exultant view towards the city is also shown in the form in which his poem is constructed. The rhythm is an iambic pentameter and the first eight lines have a rhyme scheme which is ABBAABBA, an octet, then the last six lines have a different rhyme scheme which is CDCDDC, a sestet. This octet and sestet suggests his powerful feelings towards London as it is a sonnet, and sonnets are usually associated with love and desire. In the octet, Wordsworth tells us in detail what he sees and introduces his idea of London being so touching. However, in the sestet; he develops this idea and attempts to unify Londons landscape with the beauty of the natural world, Wordsw orth also informs the reader about what he feels, rather than what he sees. The images that Wordsworth uses also show the rhapsodic tone of the poem as shown in the line a sight so touching in its majesty. The poet uses the word touching in order to convey the uncomplicated strength of his perception, touch being the most direct of the senses. In the opening three lines Wordsworth challenges any doubters that do not believe London looked so perfect at this time. This is shown in the argumentative punctuation he uses and he writes that: Earth has not anything to show more fair:/Dull would he be of soul who could pass by/A sight so touching in its majesty. In these lines, Wordsworth is praising the city and claiming that there is nothing more fair on earth than London on this particular day. He also criticises any soul or person who could ignore a sight so great in majesty and beauty. The fact that Wordsworth opens with these powerful lines of adoration sets the atmosphere in the poem and also shows the reader how beautiful the city looked. He uses the words majesty and soul since these have religious connotations connected with them. The word majesty could be associated with the King or Queen; who was traditionally appointed by God, this makes the city seem almost royal or God-like. This diction and the tone of the poem, along with the examples of personification he uses, make it seem that Wordsworth is almost having an epiphany due to the spiritual intensity of the diction he uses. The words by and majesty are also particularly interesting as although there is not a strict aural rhyme, there is a sight rhyme which means that the rhyme scheme is not disrupted. Unlike Blake in London, Wordsworth uses personification to eulogize the city, this can be seen when he says that This city now doth, like a garment, wear/The beauty of the morning; silent, bare. As Wordsworth uses the simile like a garment, this personifies the city. Wordsworth says that the city wears the beauty of the morning, it could be interpreted that the city and the morning contrast so perfectly that they seem to be one with each other, but may also just be an example of Wordsworth attempting to reunite the urban area with nature. There is a similar example of this when Wordsworth is seeking to reconcile the urban sprawl with the bucolic scenes that a Romantic values above all else. This is why the city is described in natural terms and why Wordsworth sees the city merging seamlessly with the countryside beyond: Ships, towers, domes, theatres, and temples lie/Open unto the fields and to the sky. Wordsworth also lists the ships, towers domes (and) theatres and this gives the impression of him looking across a horizon. The word lie also gives the sense that the ships, towers domes (and) theatres rest grandly, but gently on the horizon as though they are blanketed in their own majesty. Unlike Blake, this is an example of Wordsworth studying and appreciating the city and its physical features, rather than the people who live in it. Wordsworth has an objective view of the city as he is literally elevated on a bridge, while Blake has a more detailed perspective which does not allow him to realize the true beauty of the of London, since he is walking through the streets. Blake seems to be immersed in this anathematic landscape, the emotional problems of the people in the city and the government who live there. Another image that Blake uses acts on our sense of smell. He describes the air as being smokeless and this destroys the idea of London being a polluted city covered by smog, which was caused by the many factories. It is surprising for a Romantic to write this as the Romantics were a reaction to the industrial revolution and one would expect that a Romantic would not speak highly of an industrialised city, such as London. However, this leads the reader to believe the poem was written in the early morning, when the sun was rising since the very houses (seemed) asleep and the factories had not yet opened. Wordsworth also uses other examples of personification and one of these is shown when he says Never did sun more beautifully steep/In his first splendour, valley, rock, or hill. The poet personifies the sun by relating to it with the word his. The personification that Wordsworth uses is an example of figurative, not literal language. Wordsworth also leads the reader to believe that he has never seen such a perfect sunrise and that it is equal to or more than a sunrise in a rural landscape. Another example of Wordsworth personifying something in nature by referring to it as his is when he tells the reader that The River glideth at his own sweet will. This not only personifies the river but it deifies it adding evidence to the poets pagan sensibility. This is because many Romanticists were connected with paganism as they believed in the worship of natural Gods, for example the Gods of Sun and Water. This line also makes the river seem as though it flows freely, peacefully and without being forced, Wordsworth further emphasises this serene atmosphere when he says neer saw I, never felt, a calm so deep! This gives the impression that the city is a peaceful place. Wordsworth also uses other techniques to praise London apart from personification. On the last line, the poet uses a metaphor to describe London. He says And all that mighty heart is lying still! The mighty heart is a metonymy for London and he describes the city as being still, this further leads the reader to believe that this is set in the early morning when even the very houses seem asleep. This adds further evidence that London was calm and tranquil at this particular moment. Although it seems unusual for a Romantic to write such an optimistic poem about London, the specific time, date and place: Composed Upon Westminster Bridge, September 3, 1802 is a message to the reader that the poet remains a Romantic yet could not help but succumb to this particularly powerful vision of beauty. By creating such a precise title, Wordsworth attempts to explain that any Romantic would have felt the same way and therefore, it is not meant to be unexpected; he attempts to explain that this experience was an anomaly. Although it seems that Blake only saw a certain, lower class part of London where soliciting and disease thrived alongside especially harsh working conditions for children, Blakes poem, London is typical of a Romantic poet who was opposed to the Industrial Revolution and therefore, this justifies the reason for him writing such a negative poem, since the Romantics were preoccupied with the idea of a bucolic landscape.

The Massacre Of Maguindanao Media Essay

The Massacre Of Maguindanao Media Essay November 23, 2009 since a horrible massacre happened in Maguindanao on one of the islands of the Philippines Mindanao .   A number of civilians were killed which shook the whole country and among those civilians excluding motorists, drivers, politicians, lawyers, women, 34 journalists were named.   This fact shocked the press, the government, and the ordinary citizens as well.   But why did this senseless massacre happen in a country like the Philippines where freedom and democracy are being took care of?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Nearly few months have passed since this most horrible killing of civilians marked the history of the Philippines , and because of this, it leads us to many realizations.   Politicians were killed thus morality was killed.   Women were killed thus their rights were killed.   Lawyers were killed so justice was also killed.   And journalists were killed therefore freedom was also killed.   And the latter realization inspired this paper the freedom of the press.   And since the Maguindanao massacre became one of the most talked about issue until now because of its massive killing of journalists, thus killing of freedom, it leads us to be more aware of the work and responsibilities of the press, the laws which made to protect the rights of the press, but eventually made us notice that there are some laws which restrict the said freedom.   In this case, since the press must have its independence, there should be no restrictions t o such an institution because its independence will be repressed.   Furthermore, a country could be considered non-democratic nation for democracy doesnt prevail on that community.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Then, the researcher chose this study to come up with an answer to the personal question:   Why is there such freedom of the press if freedom here does not have the same meaning if read from our constitution from how the ordinary people understand it?   Hence, this paper will cover only about press freedom here in the Philippines .   If it is so, the paper will not tackle any issue that would probably come out while the paper is being discussed.   Moreover, the objectives of the paper are firstly, to present situations where freedom of the press was repressed, secondly, to state how freedom of the press go along with democracy, and thirdly, the paper would want the researcher to be more aware of what is happening around him/her.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Now, for the researcher to start discussing what this paper is all about, a question will be first asked.   That question would be:   What is freedom of the press? Definition of Freedom of the Press   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Freedom means independence and independence means boundless, therefore, press freedom means press independence, meaning there should be no limits to whatever the action of a member of the press would be.   But as part of the social equality authorization, the right of the people, and not of the press, is what the term freedom of the press really means.   It can be stressed, moreover, as the right of the press is the right of the people to be informed and to be heard (Reyes, 1992).   Press freedom is not a sectoral right, a right to be asserted and enjoyed only by members of the media sectorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Freedom of the press is a basic right of the people, that is, of the entire body politic and every ordinary citizen (Reyes, 1992).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Here, we come up with two different denotations for the term freedom of the press, but since the press plays the role of being the voice of the Filipinos here in the Philippines as well as serving as an instrument to inform the public, then the press, particularly the journalists, could represent the entire Filipino community.   Because of this, the next pages will focus mainly on the first meaning the researcher has presented wherein the press is the term used to represent the journalists and other media sector not the people in general.   Then we substitute the word 3 journalist to press thus making the term freedom of the press as the right of the journalists to freely express what they want to express.   Moreover, freedom of the press is not merely freedom for the press, and to have social equality isnt competence.   It is indeed the freedom of every individual, and its the hard and risky method but it has a reward in the end (Coronel, 1991). In connection to this, our constitution provides: No law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech and of the press (Section 4, Article III). This means that no one could prevent any media sector from writing what he/she wants to write as well as from speaking what the person wants to say.   Nor even the government has no right to prevent any member of the press from doing so.   And since the press has its full access on newspapers, radios, and televisions, the information could be spread to the people easily and freely.   But how did it become a right? Freedom of the Press as a Right   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The researcher defines freedom here as the right of journalists.   This is because everyone has his/her own rights and since the press includes journalists and journalists are human, then, journalists should have their own freedom too.   Press freedom should not be excluded as a right of an individual for it is one of his/her rights when he/she was born.   It is a right that if oppressed violates human right (Reyes, 1992).   But in a deeper meaning, freedom of the press not only stands for the right of every journalists but also for the right of every people to be informed, because media exists to serve the people. 4   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Journalists work could be seen on newspapers as well as could be heard from radios and televisions.   But they do not only present the truth to the public with supporting evidences but also give their own opinions towards it.   And an idea can never be misleading nevertheless, its destructive power we still hang on for its amendments because of the opposition of other existing ideas (Zelezny, 1993).   That is why, debates and other discussions were lead by journalists and other media sectors because, otherwise, if the ideas of oneself is not being told to anyone, freedom is unreal or fictitious (Reyes, 1992).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Consequently, freedom of idea is the persons right to search for truth that the surrounding is hiding from his/her.   It is our right to communicate to others what we have in mind freely.   Moreover, it is also our right that allows us to do actions freely regarding our thoughts (Reyes, 1992).   Likewise, freedom of the press is the freedom of truthà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦(Pinon, 1960). And if truth firms and is unbreakable, it is free to say ones side (Reyes, 1992).   This is mainly the function of mass media to reveal the misconducts in its country, freedom of truth to its sovereign. Media in the Philippines   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Media plays a very risky role in the society for it reveals the truth which people are refusing to admit even with irresistible proofs (Braid, 2005).   And journalists have chosen a more risky career because their work needs to, and they could do their job through critiquing and even criticizing an issue.   Particularly, they are not only supplying the truth because he/she also gives his/her own opinion and view on a particular issue (Coronel, 1991).   And so, under the freedom of the press, people has the right to criticize on things which matters them (Pinon, 1960). 5 But most people misunderstood this.   Comments from an individual do not mean insulting someone or something.   Still, it is inevitable for an individual to have his/her own assessment towards it.   It is public opinion, since the individual is the basic unit of any government, which is the uniform foundation of freedom and social equality (Bookwatch Legal Editors, 2006).   Furthermore, freedom of the press is the uncontrolled freedom wherein a person can freely express his thoughts (Pinon, 1960).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   On the other hand, it is also the responsibility of the journalists to make the younger generation involve themselves to issues which also affect them.   Media contributes in giving information to the people and it also educates them to the real work of justice.   Media men shows to the public that justice should not be passed within laws but must also showed to the people that justice really prevails in their society (Braid, 2005).   This is why there are shows like Y-Speak where students voices are given the time to be heard.   à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the mass media have an essential part to play in the education of young peopleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦in making known the views and aspirations of the younger generation (Holopainen,1987). Like it had been said, the youth is the hope our hope, hence, whatever the opinions of the youth are, it will contribute a big part on the decision-making of that certain issue.   Everyone has the right to freed om of opinion and expression; the right includes the freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart in information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦(Reyes, 1992).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   But even though it is really the right thing to have media as a tool to spread information to the reading and listening public, few Filipinos knew that there are laws which restrict some of the possible actions of the journalists when doing his/her work.   Those few people are only those 6 who have knowledge on laws, then how about the ordinary people who, in reality, do not have any knowledge about such laws because they only gain knowledge from what the television brings to them?   If the majority of the sovereign do not have any way to learn information other than through tv, then, in the case, is the truth being concealed from us?   And from our experience to Maguindanao massacre, press freedom and rights are oppressed in the most monstrous way killing, yet killing is not the only way to oppress the press freedom because there are laws which restrain that freedom in some situations.   If so, why is it still stated on the constitution that no laws should shorten the press to the right of free speech? Limitations of the Press   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In a society, to see the misconception on a functioning country and to see the lies existing on it, the step to make is to express what is in the mind.   Repression to freedom is only acceptable in spare times (Salvilla, Penasales, Sornito, 1991).   For example, if the people are to be informed about the corruption of an official, the journalist shall gather first data to support his/her idea.   But highlighting a corrupt official isnt that easy so the journalist shall have a great strategy like spying, eavesdropping, and even making his/her way to a private place.   These are normally what a journalist will do, but he/she isnt aware that he/she is stepping into some offenses such as theft, robbery and trespass.   à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Free speech is everyones right and freedom of the press is exercised in protecting every citizens right to know what his government is doingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Reyes, 1992)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another is all of us are paying our ITRs (Income Tax Returns) and because of this, everyone should know information on what the Bureau of Internal Revenue is collecting from us.   And, therefore, if a journalist will try to gather information about these ITRs for the public to be 7 informed, he/she will again stepping to the law, which is on some aspect, a sort of national security.   But freedom of the press means that people has the right to know what is happening around them and its country, and to speak up what they want to tell the government.   It is also the right of the people to have an entry to information.   Moreover, journalists and media men exist just to serve the rights of the people (Reyes, 1992).   Consequently, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦based on the peoples right to know what is happening in their government because the people are the sovereignà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Salvilla, Penasales, Sornito, 1991).   In other way round, there are cases were the government puts tax on some published works.   But it is invalid in the case of putting tax on published works because, if do so, it will restrict such periodical to have its freedom to disseminate information to the public (Salvilla, Penasales, Sornito, 1991).   In this case, journalists have the righ ts to comment freely on an issue, but have no right to do so for he/she must follow laws concerning his/her action (Coronel, 1991).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Also, we all know that journalists chose words with more striking impact to the readers that they would be more interested on the works the journalists have produce.   And works of media overstate what the real story behind.   It is their work to put great intensity on anything they produce and the impact of that intensity to the people is the basis of their success in their profession (Braid, 2005).   Moreover, press is an excellent source for the search of truth.   Its impact to the people is merely for them to feel anger and thus, it is more likely to stay for many days, than the feeling of having good news for that day.   Its good works are quite forgotten but its scandalous works long for many days in the memory of the readers (Gerald, 1948).   But there are cases wherein journalists were accused because he/she uses words like coward, savage, etc., and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦and writing and publishing an article containing the wor ds coward, vile soul, dirty-   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   8 sucker, savage, hog who always looks toward the ground is libel per seà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦( Coronel, 1991).   And libel à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦is a public and malicious imputation of a crime vice or defect a real or imaginary, act or omission, condition or status tending to cause dishonor, discredit of a person and even to blacken the memory of a dead personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦(Salvilla, Penasales, Sornito, 1991).   Media do, in connection with their profession, brings out works by chance without meanness, but unacceptably though.   In this case, media should be quite careful in doing their right to publish (Coronel, 1991). There is also this Right to Reply Bill which was proposed by Senators Pimentel, Revilla Jr., and Escudero in year 2008.   According to this bill, all persons natural or juridical who are accused directly or indirectly of committing or having committed or of intending to commit any crime or offense defined by law or are criticized by innuendo, suggestion or rumor for any lapse in behavior in public or private life shall have the right to reply to the charges published or printed in newspapers, magazines, newsletters or publications circulated commercially or for free, or to criticisms aired or broadcast over radio, television, websites, or through any electronic device.   This means that the person being attacked by the works of a journalist has the right to reply on that work of the journalist.   That person could say that the journalist do not have the credibility of writing that issue to him/her.   Moreover, he/she could not only go against the journalist but also to the newspaper who published it.   But à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦speech shall be free even though that law be written into the Constitutionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦(Coronel, 1991).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To sum it up, laws are made to limit the press to protect other rights in some situations.   Libel laws are designed to protect the name and character of a person; national security laws, to 9 protect the very existence of the State; obscenity laws, to protect the morals of society; and contempt to efficient functioning of the judiciary and the legislatureà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦(Salvilla, Penasales, Sornito, 1991). These laws are really needed to have a healthy country and the researcher is aware of the benefits that these laws could bring.   But the researcher is concerned mainly on the term freedom of the press thus having laws which restrict the journalists is the researchers primary problem because à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦to dare abridge these indivisible freedoms, and in effect negate them, assaults human dignityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦(Reyes, 1992).   And à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦a more liberal atmosphere has made the media even more powerful in fosteringà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦bringing public opinion to bear on politicians who once wheeled and dealed with impunityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Eng, 1997). Freedom of the Press to a Democratic Nation   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   If freedom of the press will not be restrained as well as the freedom of the people, then democracy prevails on that country for [f]ree speech is indispensable to free governmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦(Coronel, 1991).   When a nation is controlled and its rights and those of the people, then democracy dies.   After this instance, the right of the media men and of the people to speak out their opinions and thoughts are also been oppressed (Reyes, 1992).   Having limitations provided by law concerning public officials could be said as anti-democratic.   Those limitations are cannot be opened to the public.   But in the sense of wanting to have a better nation, open and free discussions between individuals, and access to the government, are ways to know the underlying truths of a nation (Salvilla, Penasales, Sornito, 1991).   Moreover, in the search of truth, an unrestricted and unlimited conversation is needed for the ideas that made up a good conversation which came from the people whose concern matter (McCormick and MacInnes, 1962).   And in a democratic country, it is better to have means of communication between the 10 functioning government and its society.   Choosing to have a newspaper than to have a government is what democracy really means, for newspaper is something where free discussion of thoughts could be seen (Salvilla, Penasales, Sornito, 1991).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Going back into the problem in the first place, the government is the one who made and accepted this laws which limit the press freedom, and the government must be doing this things just for their own sake.   In addition to this reality, people accept these restrictions as necessary for their own benefits (Reyes, 1992).   And this isnt new for all of us because of its transparency on our own government.   And since the superior power is being held by the government, there are cases where it [government] uses its power to take actions opposed to individuals who freely gave their opinions without the government being analytical if their actions are under the international law (Reyes, 1992).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Still, violence against newspeople remained significantly oppressiveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦there were more newspeople killed in the Philippines than in any other nationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Case, 1991).   But this problem could be resolved.   We may preserve freedom of speech by making no laws which restrict it.   If repressive laws are passed they may be carefully circumscribedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Coronel, 1991).   Moreover, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦free speech and press not as a separate entity deserving nurturing, but as part of a larger processà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦free speech and press as contributing to good governmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Chamberlin and Brown, 1982). Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Press freedom doesnt mean that it is the freedom of the media establishments or other media members.   And to defend for it is not only defending the freedom of this media men, but also defending the freedom of the people because all freedoms are being took care of the people 11 Yuyitung, 2000).   But media people do not have the assurance that they will have their freedom every time, because the government is making laws that, for the eyes of ordinary people, are a good law to be implemented but if observed with critical eyes, is indeed a way to interfere with the freedom of the press itself (Malaya, B9+B15).   And if à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the public restrict journalists freedom, the public restricts its own freedomà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦( Reyes, 1992). Moreover, having freedom of speech and of the press in the Philippines means the people can freely express their thoughts and ideas.   Consequently, it is true that those laws stated in the body of this paper are implemented to not violate other human rights.   But, even if these limitations were good, to have those to restrain such freedom isnt freedom at all for freedom means no restrictions, no bound.   Yes!   There is really freedom of the press existing here in the Philippines because the press still has their freedom to write, speak, and publish what is the truth.   But still, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦concepts as a less-free press or a freer pressà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦(Reyes, 1992) do not exist.   It is because the term freedom of the press has no comparative form for it is if and only if process to acknowledge this right of free publication and also of free expression (Reyes, 1992).   Then, even though the press can still express what they want to express, but on the other hand still has limitations, then we could be on one side only.   Therefore, because of those limitations we have discussed before, freedom of the press do not exist.